Data Report: Utilizing Color Reflectance Analysis as a Carbonate Concentration Proxy

Millwood, L; Hawkins, Donald Lamar; Wells, Shana M.

doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.181.208.2002

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…long segments. Depicted from the top down for each segment is: the Geomagnetic Polarity Scale (GPS) (after Lourens et al 1996;Shackleton et al 1995;Horng et al 2002;Gradstein et al 2004); the planktic/benthic oxygen isotope stage record and MIS assignations from ODP Site 849 (Shackleton et al 1995); numbered basin cyclothems from Wanganui Basin (after Saul et al 1999); terminology for New Zealand stages/oppelzones, glacial stages and Wanganui coastal terraces (after Suggate 1965Suggate , 1990Pillans 1990); varied correlation indicators, keyed into the timescale by upward pointing arrows (for published sources, see right-hand column in Table 1); natural gamma ray composite time series from ODP Site 1119 (after Carter & Gammon 2004); + signs along top margin indicate timescale tie-points to Vostok and ODP Site 758; black upward-pointing pyramids along bottom margin indicate downhole depths in increments of 50 rmcd); sand log for Site 1119 (after Carter & Gammon 2004); core retrieval (black: core retrieved; white: core lost); and carbonate percentage timeseries for Site 1119, calculated by transformation of core reflectance measurements (after Millwood et al 2002). Addendum added in proof: The paper by Pillans et al 2005 Cobb Mountain I of warming and deglaciation (Webb et al 1984), or instead are wind-blown contaminants (Stroeven et al 1996).…”

Section: Evidence For Late Pliocene Coolings Elsewherementioning

confidence: 99%

A New Zealand climatic template back to c. 3.9 Ma: ODP Site 1119, Canterbury Bight, south‐west Pacific Ocean, and its relationship to onland successions

Carter

2005

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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Ocean Drilling Program Site 1119 is located east of South Island, New Zealand, in 394 m water depth on the upper continental slope. Though 93 km offshore today, during recent glaciations the site lay near the lowstand shoreline, directly beneath the path of seasonal riverine meltwater plumes. The core comprises an upper portion (0-86.19 metres composite depth (mcd)) deposited as upper slope clinoforms and a lower portion (to 513.5 mcd) deposited as mid-slope, intermediate water depth sediment drifts, the two intervals being separated across a short c. 25 k.y. long unconformity within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 8. Almost throughout, the core comprises alternating micaceous muds and silts (glacials) and muddy, sometimes calcareous, sands (interglacials). Because of the enhanced potassium content of the terrigenous muds, the lithologies that characterise the two different climatic states possess markedly different natural gamma radiation signals, high and low, respectively. The natural gamma profile of Site 1119 therefore provides a high quality climatic time series with a 1-2 k.y. resolution (as sampled) back to the mid-Pliocene. The cyclic gamma ray pattern provides a proxy measure of ice volume in the Southern Alps, and is therefore an atmospheric record. This record matches closely that of oceanic oxygen isotope curves back to MIS 100 (2.4 Ma) and less closely beyond to MIS Gi-11 (3.91 Ma) at the base of the core. Marked, high gamma ray intervals at 3.68-3.63, 3.38, 3.12, and 2.80-2.67 Ma may reflect sharp mid-latitude atmospheric coolings at these times, as supported by marine faunal and isotopic evidence elsewhere in the New Zealand region. Alternatively, they may in part reflect changes in clay provenance consequent upon tectonic uplift in the hinterland. The natural gamma measurements are consistent with an overall decline of 6°C in average atmospheric temperature over South Island, New Zealand, since 2.45 Ma. Milankovitch 41 k.y. cyclicity is also prominent in the natural gamma record over this period, and its 60 API unit magnitude implies temperature swings up to 12°C between glacials and interglacials (G/I). Similarly large G/I temperature changes occur also in nearby sea surface temperatures east of South Island and in atmospheric temperatures in Antarctica (Vostok), suggesting that Pleistocene climate signals were closely synchronised across wide areas of Southern Hemisphere middle and high latitudes. Together with changing tectonic and related palaeogeographic patterns, these temperature changes must have played a significant role in influencing the local time ranges of taxa used in biostratigraphy. Very few, if any, traditional New Zealand Pliocene-Pleistocene index fossils have synchronous ranges across the region, and other methods of correlation (magnetostratigraphy, cyclostratigraphy, tephrochronology, isotope stratigraphy, and numeric dating) Zealand, Volume 35, 2005 have therefore come to be of particular importance. The Site 1119 natural gamma record provides a unique reference te...

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Section: Evidence For Late Pliocene Coolings Elsewherementioning

confidence: 99%

A New Zealand climatic template back to c. 3.9 Ma: ODP Site 1119, Canterbury Bight, south‐west Pacific Ocean, and its relationship to onland successions

Carter

2005

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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“…Stepwise multiple regression is an alternative multivariate statistical method that has been used in the analysis of log data [e.g., deMenocal et al , 1992] as well as to invert color reflectance data for carbonate [e.g., Balsam and Deaton , 1996; Ortiz et al , 1999; Millwood et al , 2002]. Stepwise multiple regression produces a carbonate proxy for our data with slightly improved R 2 values, but with almost identical predicted values (Figure 3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[23] Stepwise multiple regression is an alternative multivariate statistical method that has been used in the analysis of log data [e.g., deMenocal et al, 1992] as well as to invert color reflectance data for carbonate [e.g., Balsam and Deaton, 1996;Ortiz et al, 1999;Millwood et al, 2002].…”

Section: Comparison Of Principal Components Analysis To Alternative Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neogene changes in Southern Ocean sedimentation based on mass accumulation rates at four continental margins

Handwerger

Jarrard

2003

Paleoceanography

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High‐resolution mass accumulation rates (MAR) were determined from lithologic logs based on downhole log and continuous core data for six sites at four continental margins around the Southern Ocean. Total MAR was calculated at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1095 on the margin of the Antarctic Peninsula and ODP Site 1165 on the margin of Prydz Bay, Antarctica. Carbonate and noncarbonate (terrigenous) MAR were calculated for ODP Sites 1123 and 1124 east of New Zealand and Sites 1168 and 1172 west and southeast of Tasmania. Shifts in carbonate MAR are seen around Tasmania and New Zealand at 23 and 14 Ma, suggesting changes in deep water circulation and surface carbonate productivity at these times. Carbonate MAR dropped at Sites 1124 and 1168 at 23 Ma and increased at 14 Ma at Sites 1123, 1168, and 1172. The overall character of total MAR at Antarctic Sites 1095 and 1165 is a continual and relatively constant decrease in total MAR during the Neogene, with periods of stepwise decrease. One such decrease is seen at 14 Ma at Site 1165, coincident with increased carbonate MAR in New Zealand and Tasmania (Sites 1123, 1124, 1168 and 1172) and likely related to mid‐Miocene expansion of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Another step drop in total MAR is seen at ∼9 Ma at Site 1165, possibly reflecting diversion of sediment to a newly formed Prydz Channel fan.

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“…In marine geology, and especially in deep-sea research, color analysis can lead to a general characterization of core sediments shipboard (Mix et al, 1992), though studies can also be pursued long after drilling (Rothwell and Rack, 2006). Color data may provide valuable information on sediment composition and carbonate content (e.g., Balsam et al, 1999;Millwood et al, 2002), geochemical composition (e.g., Barranco et al, 1989;Nederbragt et al, 2006;Löwemark et al, 2012), distribution of laminated diatom ooze (Bodén and Backman, 1996), grain abundance (e.g., Bond et al, 1992), and mineralogy content (e.g., Giosan et al, 2002). Color variation has moreover been related to high resolution climate studies (e.g., Bond et al, 1992;Grousset et al, 1993;Ortiz and Rack, 1999;Helmke et al, 2002;Löwemark et al, 2008), sometimes through the analysis of components of varved deposits (e.g., Lindeberg and Ringberg, 1999;Petterson et al, 1999;Saarinen and Petterson, 2001); or it may serve to develop chronostratigraphic models (Jakobsson et al, 2000;Rogerson et al, 2006).…”

Section: Characterization Of Contourites Turbidites and Associated Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

High resolution digital image treatment to color analysis on cores from IODP Expedition 339: Approaching lithologic features and bioturbational influence

Dorador

Rodrı́guez-Tovar

2016

Marine Geology

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Data Report: Utilizing Color Reflectance Analysis as a Carbonate Concentration Proxy

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

A New Zealand climatic template back to c. 3.9 Ma: ODP Site 1119, Canterbury Bight, south‐west Pacific Ocean, and its relationship to onland successions

A New Zealand climatic template back to c. 3.9 Ma: ODP Site 1119, Canterbury Bight, south‐west Pacific Ocean, and its relationship to onland successions

Neogene changes in Southern Ocean sedimentation based on mass accumulation rates at four continental margins

High resolution digital image treatment to color analysis on cores from IODP Expedition 339: Approaching lithologic features and bioturbational influence

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