Data Quality and Quality Control of a Population-Based Cancer Registry: Experience in Finland

Teppo, Lyly; Pukkala, Eero; Lehtonen, Maria

doi:10.3109/02841869409098430

Cited by 598 publications

(449 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…7 Cancer registry data were supplemented by active follow-up from databases of hospitals in the study area. Case ascertainment through hospitals may have been incomplete for the latest follow-up years, due to the fact that some of the subjects have moved outside the study area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Test sensitivity of prostate‐specific antigen in the Finnish randomised prostate cancer screening trial

Auvinen

Määttänen

Finne

et al. 2004

Intl Journal of Cancer

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We estimated the sensitivity of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a screening test for prostate cancer in the Finnish randomised, population-based prostate cancer screening trial. The study population consisted of 80,458 men aged 55-67 years identified from the national population registry and randomised to the screening or control arm of the trial. The screening algorithm was based on determination of serum PSA concentration. Test sensitivity was estimated based on interval cancer incidence during the first 4 years of follow-up among screening participants with a negative screening test. Interval cancers were defined as those occurring among men with a negative screening test. Altogether, 19 interval cancers were detected among 17,897 men with serum PSA < 3 ng/ml during the first screening interval. A further 5 cases were diagnosed among 811 men with PSA 3.0 -3.9 ng/ml with a benign digital rectal examination or free total PSA ratio > 0.16. Test sensitivity based on serum PSA of 3 ng/ml was estimated to be 0.89 (95% confidence interval 0.84 -0.93) and that based on PSA of 4 ng/ml combined with an ancillary test (digital rectal examination or free total PSA ratio in the PSA range 3.0 -3.9) was 0. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in most industrialised countries. 1 Large randomised studies have been launched to assess the effectiveness of prostate cancer screening with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). 2,3 Despite the widespread use of PSA for prostate cancer screening, its sensitivity has not been evaluated properly, i.e., using a longitudinal approach in the context of a randomised trial. The sensitivity of a screening program provides a key measure of screening performance; i.e., it is an essential intermediate indicator in the absence of mortality results.Sensitivity is the ability to detect disease cases, determined by the frequency of false-negative test results. In the screening setting, cross-sectional evaluation of sensitivity (as used for evaluation of diagnostic tests) based on results obtained by simultaneously performed tests is not sufficient because screening is intended to detect cases that would clinically surface in the future (above all, cases that would do so before the next screening round). Furthermore, diagnostic assessment is generally limited to subjects with a positive screening test, and it is prone to overdiagnosis, i.e., detection of cancers that would not have surfaced clinically in the absence of screening. This approach yields inflated estimates of sensitivity. 4,5 This is particularly evident for prostate cancer, which has a high prevalence of indolent cancers at autopsy. A more valid approach for evaluation of the sensitivity of screening is the incidence method, which is based on the reduction in disease incidence following screening (i.e., a longitudinal approach). Ideally, sensitivity is estimated by comparison between screening and control groups formed by randomisation, i.e., in an experimental setting. With this approach, test sensitivity (sen...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 To ensure the completeness of case ascertainment for the most recent years, a record linkage of the study population with the discharge database of hospitals in the study area was also conducted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test sensitivity of prostate‐specific antigen in the Finnish randomised prostate cancer screening trial

Auvinen

Määttänen

Finne

et al. 2004

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Furthermore, the Nordic Cancer registries are estimated to have an almost complete case ascertainment for solid cancers. 33,34 (2) 1 (0) 1 (1) 11 (13) 1-5 80 (10) 18 (3) 11 (8) 51 (59) 5-10 106 (13) 52 (9) 30 (22) 24 (28 (9) 28 (5) 35 (25.7) 9 (11) FIGURE 1 -Enterolactone concentrations for case and control subjects combined, measured by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) in serum (Norway n ϭ 2292; Finland n ϭ 624) and in plasma (Sweden n ϭ 428) from blood collected at a mean time of 14.2 years before the diagnosis of prostate cancer.…”

Section: Methodologic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating enterolactone and prostate cancer risk: A Nordic nested case‐control study

Stattin

Adlercreutz

Tenkanen³

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…35 The Finnish Cancer Registry provides practically complete ascertainment of breast cancer cases in Finland. 37,38 Data on emigration and death were obtained by a record linkage to the Central Population Register. The birth years of children, if not given in the 1975 questionnaire and for the period 1976 -1981, were similarly obtained from the Central Population Register.…”

Section: Follow-up Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality characteristics and the risk of breast cancer: A prospective cohort study

Lillberg

Verkasalo²,

Kaprio

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Data Quality and Quality Control of a Population-Based Cancer Registry: Experience in Finland

Cited by 598 publications

References 1 publication

Test sensitivity of prostate‐specific antigen in the Finnish randomised prostate cancer screening trial

Test sensitivity of prostate‐specific antigen in the Finnish randomised prostate cancer screening trial

Circulating enterolactone and prostate cancer risk: A Nordic nested case‐control study

Personality characteristics and the risk of breast cancer: A prospective cohort study

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