Data on SEM, TEM and Raman Spectra of doped, and wool carbon nanotubes made directly from CO 2 by molten electrolysis

Abstract

This SEM, TEM and Raman Spectra and economic calculations data provides a benchmark for carbon nanotubes synthesized via molten electrolyte via the carbon dioxide to carbon nanotube (C2CNT) process useful for comparison to other data on longer length C2CNT wools; specifically: (I) C2CNT electrosynthesis with bare (uncoated) cathodes and without pre-electrolysis low current activation. (II) C2CNT Intermediate length CNTs with intermediate integrated electrolysis charge transfer. (III) C2CNT Admixing of sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorous (in addition to boron) to carbon nanotubes, and (IV) Scalability of the C2CNT process. This data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled “Carbon Nanotube Wools Made Directly from CO2 by Molten Electrolysis: Value Driven Pathways to Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Gas Mitigation” (Johnson et al., 2017) [1].

Carbon Nano‐Onions Made Directly from CO2 by Molten Electrolysis for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation

“…[1,38] As previously described CO 2 electrolytic splitting in molten carbonates process bears many similarities to aluminum smelting. As delineated in our recent carbon nanotube synthesis study molten carbonate CO 2 electrolysis costs are analogous to, and less expensive than the materials, capital, and labor costs for the industrial production of aluminum from another oxide (bauxite, rather www.advsustainsys.com than carbon dioxide).…”

“…[1,[29][30][31][32][33][37][38][39] Nickel and nickel alloys form a thin, stabilizing oxide layer when used as an anode, and the net reaction is the four electron reduction of CO 2 to form the building block carbons of CNTs. In the presence of transition metal nucleation agents such as nickel and chromium, we have demonstrated the controlled growth of carbon nanotubes from CO 2 as it is dissolved in a molten carbonate electrolyte.…”

“…In the presence of transition metal nucleation agents such as nickel and chromium, we have demonstrated the controlled growth of carbon nanotubes from CO 2 as it is dissolved in a molten carbonate electrolyte. [38] The nucleation metal, nickel, is specifically added by spreading and drying an aqueous paste of 0.2 g of 3 to 7 µm Ni powder and 0.1 g of DI water over the upper surface of the cathode. [1,[29][30][31][32][33][37][38][39] Nickel and nickel alloys form a thin, stabilizing oxide layer when used as an anode, and the net reaction is the four electron reduction of CO 2 to form the building block carbons of CNTs.…”

“…[23] Carbon nano-onions can also be synthesized using arc discharge, laser ablation and plasma processes, shock compression techniques, autoclave processes (catalytic and noncatalytic), and by carbonization routes, [24] thermal pyrolysis of alcohol at high 2700 K, [25] and high fluence 120 keV implantation of carbon ions into copper and silver. In 2015 we introduced a chemistry to synthesize CNTs at high yield by electrolysis of CO 2 , [1,[29][30][31][32][33][35][36][37][38][39] rather than their conventional CVD synthesis from organometallics. [6] Challenges to the bulk production of bulk carbon nano-onions has limited their commercial availability.…”

“…[35,36] High yield, low electrolysis voltage, and high uniformity CNTs were demonstrated to be produced from dissolved CO 2 in a variety of alkali and alkali-earth carbonate electrolytes, [32,33] and straight (low defect) or tangled (high defect) were controlled through the addition or exclusion of oxide added to the molten carbonate electrolyte. [1,33,38] In this study we provide for the first time an exploration of the initial phases of molten carbonate electrolysis CNT growth showing their relevance to discovery and introduction here of an alternative high yield carbon nano-onion synthesis: www.advsustainsys.com [1,33,38] In this study we provide for the first time an exploration of the initial phases of molten carbonate electrolysis CNT growth showing their relevance to discovery and introduction here of an alternative high yield carbon nano-onion synthesis: www.advsustainsys.com…”