Data linkage to evaluate the long-term risk of HIV infection in individuals seeking post-exposure prophylaxis

Hovaguimian, Frédérique; Günthard, Huldrych F.; Hauser, Christoph; Conen, Anna; Bernasconi, Enos; Calmy, Alexandra; Cavassini, Matthias; Seneghini, Marco; Marzel, Alex; Heinrich, Henriette; Scherrer, Alexandra U.; Riou, Julien; Spoerri, Adrian; Schmidlin, Kurt; Balakrishna, Suraj; Braun, Dominique L; Rampini, S; Fehr, Jan; Kouyos, Roger D.

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21485-w

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Unlike experimental data and observational research studies, program data reflect the realities of day-to-day service delivery, and may often be messy and incomplete [81]. This limitation may inhibit the ability to link programmatic records with unique individuals over time [82,83]. Moreover, aggregate-level data reported through HIV programs may implicate specific interpretations of HIV metrics [41].…”

Section: Using Big Data Science To Focus the Hiv Response Requires Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities in Big Data Science to Address Health Inequities and Focus the HIV Response

Rucinski,

Knight,

Willis

et al. 2024

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

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Purpose of Review Big Data Science can be used to pragmatically guide the allocation of resources within the context of national HIV programs and inform priorities for intervention. In this review, we discuss the importance of grounding Big Data Science in the principles of equity and social justice to optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of the global HIV response. Recent Findings Social, ethical, and legal considerations of Big Data Science have been identified in the context of HIV research. However, efforts to mitigate these challenges have been limited. Consequences include disciplinary silos within the field of HIV, a lack of meaningful engagement and ownership with and by communities, and potential misinterpretation or misappropriation of analyses that could further exacerbate health inequities. Summary Big Data Science can support the HIV response by helping to identify gaps in previously undiscovered or understudied pathways to HIV acquisition and onward transmission, including the consequences for health outcomes and associated comorbidities. However, in the absence of a guiding framework for equity, alongside meaningful collaboration with communities through balanced partnerships, a reliance on big data could continue to reinforce inequities within and across marginalized populations.

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Section: Using Big Data Science To Focus the Hiv Response Requires Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities in Big Data Science to Address Health Inequities and Focus the HIV Response

Rucinski,

Knight,

Willis

et al. 2024

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

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show abstract

“…Sato et al reported that low C-reactive protein level, immune-related adverse events, high albumin level, high lymphocyte count, and differentiated histological type may affect outcomes (7). In addition, several reports have also reported that CD8 and the tumor mutation burden could be biomarkers for patients with GC using ICIs (8,9). However, biomarker identification from a pathological perspective also has the problem of heterogeneous expression within the tumor (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Albumin–derived Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Score as a Marker of Nivolumab Treatment Sensitivity in Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Study

Nakazawa

Sohda

Tateno

et al. 2023

In Vivo

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Background/Aim: Establishment of powerful and easy-to-evaluate biomarkers that can predict immune checkpoint inhibitor sensitivity in patients with gastric cancer (GC) would be highly useful. The albumin-derived neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio (Alb-dNLR) score reportedly is an excellent measure of both immunity and nutritional status. However, the association between nivolumab treatment sensitivity and Alb-dNLR in GC has also not been adequately investigated. This multicenter retrospective study was designed to evaluate the association of Alb-dNLR with therapeutic sensitivity of nivolumab in GC patients. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study with patients from five sites. The data from 58 patients who received nivolumab for postoperative recurrent or unresectable advanced GC between October 2017 and December 2018 were analyzed. Blood tests had been performed before nivolumab administration. We analyzed the correlation between the Alb-dNLR score and clinicopathological factors, including best overall response. Results: Of the 58 patients, 21 (36.2%) comprised the disease control (DC) group and 37 (63.8%) comprised the progressive disease (PD) group. The nivolumab treatment responses were subjected to receiver operating characteristic analysis. The cutoff value was set to 2.90 g/dl for Alb and to 3.55 for dNLR. All eight patients in the high Alb-dNLR group had PD (p=0.0049). The low Alb-dNLR group had significantly better overall survival (p=0.0023) and progression-free survival rates (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The Alb-dNLR score was a very simple and sensitive predictor of nivolumab therapeutic sensitivity and has very good biomarker properties.Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world, the third leading cause of cancer death, and has the highest incidence in East Asia (1). Systemic therapy can provide symptomatic relief, improved survival, and better quality of life in patients with locally advanced or metastatic GC. Although the prognosis of GC has gradually improved with better surgery, chemotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), it is still not good enough.Regarding ICIs, the ATTRACTION-2 trial showed that nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody, improved overall survival (OS) in GC patients who received at least two prior regimens of chemotherapy (2). Furthermore, the CheckMate 649 study revealed that nivolumab plus chemotherapy was recommended as first-line therapy for GC (3). Thus, the importance of ICIs in the treatment of GC has increased dramatically. However, the response rate to ICIs in GC patients is unsatisfactory, and the ATTRACTION-2 trial reported a response rate of 11.2% in 818

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Post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV: new drugs, new approaches, and more questions

Mayer,

Allan-Blitz

2023

The Lancet HIV

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Data linkage to evaluate the long-term risk of HIV infection in individuals seeking post-exposure prophylaxis

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Challenges and Opportunities in Big Data Science to Address Health Inequities and Focus the HIV Response

Challenges and Opportunities in Big Data Science to Address Health Inequities and Focus the HIV Response

Albumin–derived Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Score as a Marker of Nivolumab Treatment Sensitivity in Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Study

Post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV: new drugs, new approaches, and more questions

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