Data from HPV Seroconversion Following Anal and Penile HPV Infection in HIV-Negative and HIV-Infected MSM

Abstract

<div>Abstract<p><b>Background:</b> We assessed human papillomavirus (HPV) seroconversion following anal and penile HPV infection in HIV-negative and HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM).</p><p><b>Methods:</b> MSM aged ≥18 years were recruited in Amsterdam, the Netherlands (2010–2011), and followed up semiannually. Antibodies against 7 high-risk HPV types in baseline and 12-month serum samples were tested using a multiplex immunoassay. Baseline, 6-, and 12-month anal and penile samples were tested for HPV DNA using the SPF<sub>10</sub>-PCR DEIA/LiPA<sub>25</sub> system. Statistical analyses were performed using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Of 644 MSM included in the analysis, 245 (38%) were HIV-infected. Median age was 38 years for HIV-negative and 47 years for HIV-infected MSM (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Seroconversion against ≥1 of the 7 HPV types was observed in 74 of 396 (19%) HIV-negative and 52 of 223 (23%) HIV-infected MSM at risk (<i>P</i> = 0.2). Incident [adjusted OR (aOR) 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1–3.4] and persistent (aOR 3.7; 95% CI, 1.5–9.5) anal HPV infections were independently associated with type-specific seroconversion in HIV-negative MSM. In HIV-infected MSM, there was a nonsignificant positive association between penile HPV infection at any time point and seroconversion (aOR 1.7; 95% CI, 0.9–3.2).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Incident or persistent anal HPV infection was an independent determinant of seroconversion in HIV-negative MSM.</p><p><b>Impact:</b> Our data support that seroresponse may vary per anatomic site and that persistent HPV infections are more likely to elicit a detectable humoral immune response. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(11); 2455–61. ©2014 AACR</i>.</p></div>