Data-Driven Study of Low Voltage Distribution Grid Behaviour With Increasing Electric Vehicle Penetration

Abstract

In this paper, the impact of EV uncontrolled charging with four levels of EV penetration in overall 21 real low voltage distribution grids in two seasons are analyzed. The employed real grid data is provided by distribution system operators from three European countries: Austria, Germany and the Netherlands. At least six grids in each country were considered and they are categorised into three types, namely rural grids, suburban grids and urban grids. The EV charging data used in this study is based on real measurements or surveys. The seasonal and the weekday-weekend factors are also considered in the EV charging impact research. Three key congestion indicators, the transformer loading, line loading and node voltage as well as several other evaluation indexes are studied. The results reveal that the majority of the simulated grids had no or minor moments of mild overloading while a few rest grids have critical issues. Among all the grids, suburban grids are most vulnerable to massive EV integration. Out of the evaluated grids, those who are located in Germany have the highest redundancy for high EV penetration accommodation. Overall, the impact of uncontrolled EV charging depends on the combination of EV charging demand as well as the grid inherent features.

Design and Implementation of Low-Cost Electric Vehicles (EVs) Supercharger: A Comprehensive Review

“…First, we classify the literature according to the type of LVDN, the geographical area under study, the EV penetration levels, and the charging power at home. Concerning the former, several papers use real LVDN topology data from different end countries [14][15][16][19][20][21][22]24,32]. However, many research papers lack data and use either synthesized or benchmark LVDNs [17,18,23,[25][26][27]33] or only consider certain LVDN components [34,35].…”

Predictive direct power control with phase‐locked loop technique of three‐level neutral point clamped inverter based shunt active power filter for power quality improvement

“…1 These currents, rich in harmonics, result in distorted voltages that spread through the DEG and can cause problems such as cable heating, damage to electrical equipment, vibrations in rotating machines, and interference with communication systems. 2 All these problems lead to an increase in the periodic maintenance of the devices, and thus the high cost of equipment and maintenance at the same time, and this is not desirable. As it is known, the quality of power or current is among the things that must be given great importance in the industrial or commercial field to avoid problems and defects that may cause accidents.…”

“…Although these loads receive sinusoidal voltage, they still absorb non‐sinusoidal currents 1 . These currents, rich in harmonics, result in distorted voltages that spread through the DEG and can cause problems such as cable heating, damage to electrical equipment, vibrations in rotating machines, and interference with communication systems 2 . All these problems lead to an increase in the periodic maintenance of the devices, and thus the high cost of equipment and maintenance at the same time, and this is not desirable.…”

A Two-Stage Multi-Agent EV Charging Coordination Scheme for Maximizing Grid Performance and Customer Satisfaction

“…The large-scale, uncontrolled penetration of EVs into the electric grid increases the power flow in cables, voltage unbalance, transformer overloading, harmonic problems, etc. [ 3 , 4 ]. Thus, the simultaneous charging of a large number of EVs directly affects the electric grid’s stability.…”