Data-Driven Multiobjective Optimization for Massive MIMO and Hyperdensification Empowered 5G Planning under Realistic Network Environment

Abstract

To accommodate the increasing data rate demand, the fifth-generation (5G) cellular network came up with new technological advancements including massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO) and hyperdensification which can significantly boost network capacity. On the other hand, the introduction of these technologies along with their heterogeneity brings a challenge in terms of network operators’ need to identify a cost-effective optimal deployment approach which is hardly entertained by the legacy planning and optimization method. Hence, to leverage the core benefits of those technologies in a cost-effective manner, we need a holistic planning framework that takes into account their coverage, capacity and cost impact, and realistic spatiotemporal distribution of users. In this work, we present a data-driven multiobjective optimization planning framework that can be used not only for small cells but also for massive MIMO. The planning framework is illustrated using a 5G planning case study for a service area in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, considering its realistic network data that is collected from the network management system and different potential identified deployment options. Ray tracing is employed to compute propagation, and users and demands are distributed based on the realistic network data. A two-stage optimization and a joint optimization are applied to identify points that provide optimal network performance. Simulation results reveal that the planning method provides Pareto points for different deployment options that can significantly improve the performance of the existing network while reducing the total network cost.

Analysis of OAM Modes and OFDM Modulation for Outdoor Conditions

“…Meanwhile, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, generally referred to as OFDM, is a multicarrier channel modulation technology in which signals are communicated when bandpass signals are digitally modulated (Zeleke et al, 2023). It is a modulation format that is extensively applied in many latest wireless networking channels, notably local area networks (LAN), mobile communication technologies, digital broadcasting, and others (Wang et al, 2012).…”

“…However, the behavior of a simulation model for outdoor conditions is constantly unpredictable as there are various factors affecting the signal transmissions, such as transceiver misalignment and weather conditions (Weng and Vuong, 2022). One of the concerning questions related to outdoor conditions for structured waves is the lack of details from current papers on measured channel characteristics and how this affects the transmission performance (Zeleke et al, 2023). This paper bridges the gap in this regards by applying outdoor drone-based free space optical channel measurements based on structured OAM fields to assess the reliability of an OAM-OFDM system using various coding mechanisms for free space optical communications.…”