Das retikulo-endotheliale System

Aschoff, Ludwig

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-47704-1_5

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This "vital staining method," by reason of its unspecificity, unified, into one apparently single population of cells, macrophages, tissue histiocytes, splenocytes, cells in the lymphoid organs, endothelial cells, etc., which Aschoff (1925) included in the "Reticulo Endothelial System" and Volterra in the "Reticulo Histiocyte System." For this substantial heterogeneity, the majority of these cells have successively been ejected from these systems, perhaps drastically in some cases, except macrophages and related cells, which now make up the "Mononuclear Phagocyte System" (Van Furth et al, 1972).…”

Section: Pinocytose and Phagocytosementioning

confidence: 99%

Amphibia Kupffer cells

Sichel

Scalia

Corsaro

2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Amphibia Kupffer cells (i.e., liver resident macrophages) show many common characteristics when compared with Mammalia Kupffer cells: filopodia, microvillous-like structures, lamellipodia, fuzzy coat, coated vesicles, bristled vacuoles, nonspecific esterase activity, and pinocytotic and phagocytic activity are present both in Amphibia and Mammalia Kupffer cells. On the other hand, some differences are present between Kupffer cells of both zoological classes: phagocytosed red cells and their derivatives, iron-protein complexes, and lipofuscin bodies are normally present in Amphibia Kupffer cells, but absent in the same cells of healthy mammals. Worm-like structures are not seen in Amphibia and endogenous peroxidase activity is very weak in these animals compared with Mammalia. The most important difference lies in the ability of Amphibia Kupffer cells to produce melanins: in fact the tyrosinase gene is expressed, "melanosome centers" are present, and dopa oxidase activity is demonstrable.

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Section: Pinocytose and Phagocytosementioning

confidence: 99%

Amphibia Kupffer cells

Sichel

Scalia

Corsaro

2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…The reticulo‐endothelial system consists of two groups of cells with similar functions. According to Aschoff (2), this system is composed of (a) the reticulum cells of the splenic pulp, as well as the follicles and pulp cords of the lymph nodes and other parts of the lymphatic apparatus, and (b) the endothelial cells of the lymph‐node sinuses, the blood sinuses of the spleen, the Kupffer cells of the liver, and the capillaries of the bone marrow, adrenal cortex and hypophysis (Fig. ).…”

Section: Morphologic and Functional Units Of The Reticulo‐endothementioning

confidence: 99%

Host‐tumor Antagonism. Ix. The Reticulo‐endothelial System and Neoplasia†

Pelner¹

1957

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…Other studies confirmed that measured phage concentrations in blood were much lower than expected, both according to theoretical dilution in total blood volume also according to hypothetical dilution in total body volume [reviewed in reference ( 3 )]. This effect is believed to be due to the capture of phages by cells belonging to the reticuloendothelial system (RES), defined by Aschoff ( 7 ). Although Aschoff did not claim that the RES was made up of macrophages, over the years following his RES proposal, the understanding that the RES was synonymous with macrophages was gradually accepted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver sinusoidal cells eliminate blood-borne phage K1F

Sánchez Romano,

Simón-Santamaría,

McCourt

et al. 2024

mSphere

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Phage treatment has regained attention due to an increase in multiresistant bacteria. For phage therapy to be successful, phages must reach their target bacteria in sufficiently high numbers. Blood-borne phages are believed to be captured by macrophages in the liver and spleen. Since liver sinusoids also consist of specialized scavenger liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs), this study investigated the contribution of both cell types in the elimination of Escherichia coli phage K1Fg10b::gfp (K1F gfp ) in mice. Circulatory half-life, organ, and hepatocellular distribution of K1F gfp were determined following intravenous administration. Internalization of K1F gfp and effects of phage opsonization on uptake were explored using primary mouse and human LSEC and KC cultures. When inoculated with 10 7 virions, >95% of the total K1F gfp load was eliminated from the blood within 20 min, and 94% of the total retrieved K1F gfp was localized to the liver. Higher doses resulted in slower elimination, possibly reflecting temporary saturation of liver scavenging capacity. Phage DNA was detected in both cell types, with a KC:LSEC ratio of 12:1 per population following cell isolation. Opsonization with plasma proteins increased time-dependent cellular uptake in both LSECs and KCs in vitro . Internalized phages were rapidly transported along the endocytic pathway to lysosomal compartments. Reduced viability of intracellular K1F gfp corroborated inactivation following endocytosis. This study is the first to identify phage distribution in the liver at the hepatocellular level, confirming clearance of K1F gfp performed mostly by KCs with a significant uptake also in LSECs. IMPORTANCE Faced with the increasing amounts of bacteria with multidrug antimicrobial resistance, phage therapy has regained attention as a possible treatment option. The phage field has recently experienced an emergence in commercial interest as research has identified new and more efficient ways of identifying and matching phages against resistant superbugs. Currently, phages are unapproved drugs in most parts of the world. For phages to reach broad clinical use, they must be shown to be clinically safe and useful. The results presented herein contribute to increased knowledge about the pharmacokinetics of the T7-like phage K1F in the mammalian system. The cell types of the liver that are responsible for rapid phage blood clearance are identified. Our results highlight the need for more research about appropriate dose regimens when phage therapy is delivered intravenously and advise essential knowledge about cell systems that should be investigated further for detailed phage pharmacodynamics.

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Das retikulo-endotheliale System

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Amphibia Kupffer cells

Amphibia Kupffer cells

Host‐tumor Antagonism. Ix. The Reticulo‐endothelial System and Neoplasia†

Liver sinusoidal cells eliminate blood-borne phage K1F

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