Das Politikfeld Umweltpolitik

Pamme, Hildegard; Grunow, i. R. Dieter

doi:10.1007/978-3-531-94039-7_4

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…During the second time period, 1957-1998, first initiatives concerning environmental protection started (Pamme, 2003), and air pollution due to industrial soot commenced to decrease (UNEP/WHO, 1993;UBA, 1998), a process that continued until the most recent study period, 2016(SenStadtWohn, 2018. With decreasing pollution, "bronze" color morphs could have become again more conspicuous than the "green" morphs, the frequencies of both morphs consequently reversing over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the development of the Haber-Bosch process for fixing nitrogen in the 1920's (Erisman et al, 2008), chemical fertilizers were for the first time applied in large quantities. These developments led to a high level of environmental pollution at that time without attempts of environmental protection (Pamme, 2003). Furthermore, Berlin was expanded to "Groß-Berlin" in the 1920's, population size exceeding the current state and leading to rapid construction of buildings and infrastructures (Buesch and Haus, 1987).…”

Section: Data Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the period from 1957 to 1998, Berlin's reconstruction after World War II was finalized (Schildt and Sywottek, 1993). At the end of the 1950's, first measures concerning environmental protection were implemented (Pamme, 2003), resulting in decreasing emissions of air pollutants (UNEP/WHO, 1993; UBA, 1998), and reduced application of chemical fertilizers in the surroundings of the city (Tilman et al, 2002;Erisman et al, 2008). Therefore, this time period can be considered For analyses, specimens were allocated according to sex, coloration (green, bronze, mixed), regions (Berlin, Brandenburg), habitats (urban, agricultural, and near natural), and time (three periods in between the time from 1892 to 2017).…”

Section: Data Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatio-Temporal Color Differences Between Urban and Rural Populations of a Ground Beetle During the Last 100 Years

et al. 2020

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Increasing anthropogenic environmental impacts lead to rapid transitions of ecosystems and species. Species persisting in changing environments may respond to changes by altering phenotypic traits across space and/or time. Here we tested whether the frequencies of three color morphs in the ground beetle Harpalus affinis differed across spatial and temporal gradients. The gradients extended from urban to rural regions, and from the early twentieth century until today, in the Berlin-Brandenburg area, Germany. Specimens comprised beetles from the entomological collection of the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin and recently collected material. As a result of differing environments, we expected to observe differences in color frequencies in beetles between habitats and across time, responding to different levels of urbanization. Our results revealed sexual dichromatism in H. affinis as well as some habitat dependent differences in trait frequency. Frequencies of color morphs remained generally constant in males across space and time. Females likewise showed no differences in color frequencies between habitats, urban and rural regions, and between different time periods in rural regions. In contrast color morph frequencies changed in urban regions over time in females: Bronze color decreased, whereas green color became more dominant over time. We assume that bronze color was selectively advantageous in times with high levels of soot pollution in the city, whereas green is more cryptic and thus advantageous in times with less polluted air. The color change of females thus could have been driven by natural selection. In contrast, the persistence of predominately green males through all times and habitats, more likely can be explained by sexual selection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatio-Temporal Color Differences Between Urban and Rural Populations of a Ground Beetle During the Last 100 Years

et al. 2020

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“…Then, the Berlin population was larger than ever (Ribbe et al, 2002b). Industrialisation led to high level of environmental pollution (Pamme, 2003). During the second time period (1957–1998), the reconstruction of Berlin was finalised.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Industrialisation led to high level of environmental pollution (Pamme, 2003). During the second time period , the reconstruction of Berlin was finalised.…”

Section: Numb Of Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species‐ and sex‐dependent changes in body size between 1892 and 2017, and recent biochemical signatures in rural and urban populations of two ground beetle species

Keinath

Frisch

Müller

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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High levels of species' extirpation in an urban environment—A case study from Berlin, Germany, covering 1700–2023

Keinath,

De Silva,

Sommerwerk

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Species loss is highly scale‐dependent, following the species–area relationship. We analysed spatio‐temporal patterns of species' extirpation on a multitaxonomic level using Berlin, the capital city of Germany. Berlin is one of the largest cities in Europe and has experienced a strong urbanisation trend since the late nineteenth century. We expected species' extirpation to be exceptionally high due to the long history of urbanisation. Analysing 37 regional Red Lists of Threatened Plants, Animals and Fungi of Berlin (covering 9498 species), we found that 16% of species were extirpated, a rate 5.9 times higher than at the German scale and 47.1 times higher than at the European scale. Species' extirpation in Berlin is comparable to that of another German city with a similarly broad taxonomic coverage, but much higher than in regional areas with less human impact. The documentation of species' extirpation started in the eighteenth century and is well documented for the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. We found an average annual extirpation of 3.6 species in the nineteenth century, 9.6 species in the twentieth century and the same number of extirpated species as in the nineteenth century were documented in the twenty‐first century, despite the much shorter time period. Our results showed that species' extirpation is higher at small than on large spatial scales, and might be negatively influenced by urbanisation, with different effects on different taxonomic groups and habitats. Over time, we found that species' extirpation is highest during periods of high human alterations and is negatively affected by the number of people living in the city. But, there is still a lack of data to decouple the size of the area and the human impact of urbanisation. However, cities might be suitable systems for studying species' extirpation processes due to their small scale and human impact.

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Das Politikfeld Umweltpolitik

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Spatio-Temporal Color Differences Between Urban and Rural Populations of a Ground Beetle During the Last 100 Years

Spatio-Temporal Color Differences Between Urban and Rural Populations of a Ground Beetle During the Last 100 Years

Species‐ and sex‐dependent changes in body size between 1892 and 2017, and recent biochemical signatures in rural and urban populations of two ground beetle species

High levels of species' extirpation in an urban environment—A case study from Berlin, Germany, covering 1700–2023

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