Das Atomgewicht des Cassiopeiums Analyse des Cassiopeiumtrichlorids

Hönigschmid, O.; Wittner, F.

doi:10.1002/zaac.19392400308

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…In its 1961 report [22], CAWIA recommended A r (Lu) = 174.97 based on the mass-spectrometric determinations by Hayden et al [436] and Collins et al [147]. CAWIA noted the close agreement with the chemical determination of Hönigschmid and Wittner [440] [441], which was deemed more accurate but, like its predecessors, was not calibrated. Nevertheless, as a result, the more precise A r (Lu) = 174.967(3) was recommended.…”

Section: Sr Strontiummentioning

confidence: 93%

Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Laeter¹,

Böhlke²,

Bièvre³

et al. 2003

Pure and Applied Chemistry

910

554

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Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the need for formal IUPAC permission on condition that an acknowledgmentAbstract: A consistent set of internationally accepted atomic weights has long been an essential aim of the scientific community because of the relevance of these values to science and technology, as well as to trade and commerce subject to ethical, legal, and international standards. The standard atomic weights of the elements are regularly evaluated, recommended, and published in updated tables by the Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances (CAWIA) of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). These values are invariably associated with carefully evaluated uncertainties. Atomic weights were originally determined by mass ratio measurements coupled with an understanding of chemical stoichiometry, but are now based almost exclusively on knowledge of the isotopic composition (derived from isotope-abundance ratio measurements) and the atomic masses of the isotopes of the elements. Atomic weights and atomic masses are now scaled to a numerical value of exactly 12 for the mass of the carbon isotope of mass number 12. Technological advances in mass spectrometry and nuclear-reaction energies have enabled atomic masses to be determined with a relative uncertainty of better than 1 × 10 -7 . Isotope abundances for an increasing number of elements can be measured to better than 1 × 10 -3 . The excellent precision of such measurements led to the discovery that many elements, in different specimens, display significant variations in their isotope-abundance ratios, caused by a variety of natural and industrial physicochemical processes. While such variations increasingly place a constraint on the uncertainties with which some standard atomic weights can be stated, they provide numerous opportunities for investigating a range of important phenomena in physical, chemical, cosmological, biological, and industrial processes. This review reflects the current and increasing interest of science in the measured differences between source-specific and even sample-specific atomic weights. These relative comparisons can often be made with a smaller uncertainty than is achieved in the best calibrated "absolute" (= SI-traceable) atomic-weight determinations. Accurate determinations of the atomic weights of certain elements also influence the values of fundamental constants such as the Avogadro, Faraday, and universal gas constants. This review is in two parts: the first summarizes the development of the science of atomic-weight determinations during the 20 th century; the second summarizes the changes and variations that have been recognized in the values and uncertainties of atomic weights, on an element-by-element basis, in the latter part of the 20 th century.J. R. de LAETER et al.

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Section: Sr Strontiummentioning

confidence: 93%

Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Laeter¹,

Böhlke²,

Bièvre³

et al. 2003

Pure and Applied Chemistry

910

554

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Dreißig Jahre chemischer Atomgewichtsforschung

Hönigschmid

1940

Angewandte Chemie

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53. J a h r g a n g , N r . 1 7 / 1 8 , Seiten 1 7 7 -1 9 6 , 27. A P r i l 2 9 4 0 DreiSig Jahre chemischer Atomgewichtsforschung*) l'on P y o f . D r . 0 . H o N I G S C H M I D. Miinchen, Chena. U n i v e r s i t a t s -L a b o r a t o v i u vn s ist jetzt 30 Jahre her, da13 ich im Laboratoriuni von E T. W . Ridkards an der Harvard Universitat unter der Lei-0. Hhigschmid, ebenda 33,253 [1912], 34,283 [1013]; 0. Hbnigachmid u. R. Sachtlebm, 2. anorg. allg. Chem. 221, 65 L19341. '7) 0. Hh'gschnrid u. St. Horovitz, Mh. Chem. 28, 355 119151; 0. Hhipschmid, R. Sachllebm u. H. BauJredm, Z. anorg. allg. Cllem. 214, 104 [l933].

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Die chemischen Elemente und natürlichen Atomarten nach dem Stande der Isotopen‐ und Kernforschung

Hahn¹,

Flügge²,

Mattauch³

1940

Ber. dtsch. Chem. Ges. A/B

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B erichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft 73. Jahrg. Nr. 1. -(Abteilang A (Vereinsnachrichten), S. 1-23 -10. Januar 0. Hahn, S. Fliigge und J. Mattauch: Die chemischen Elemente und natiirlichen Atomarten nach dem Stande der Isotopen-und Kernforschung . (Bericht iiber die Arbeiten von Ende 1937 bis Ende 1939.) [Aus d. ,-5.37 0.16 TJIE1a) 1) J. M a t t a u c h , Physik. Ztschr. 39, 892 [1938]. 2 ) 11. S. L i v i n g s t o n u. 13. A. B e t h e , Rev. mod. Physics 9, 2745 [1935 . 3) T. A s a d a , T. O k u d a , K. O g a t a u. S. Y o s h i m o t o , Sature 143, 797 [193U( 4) J . Y a t t a u c h u. R. H e r z o g , Naturwiss. 26. 747 [1937j. 5 ) J . M a t t a u c h , Physik. Ztschr. 38, 951 [1937]. )Bei diesen Reaktionen wurde noch eine Korrektur angebracht. Die U'iirnietonung war hier durch die Ablerikung der Partikeln in eineni elektrischen Radialfeld bestiinnit worden, wobei niclit beriicksichtigt war, daW beim Eintreten in das Feld die Teilchen einen Potentialsprung iibern-inden miissen. --TAW = tausendstel Massencinheit. f'in Steruchcn bedeutet, daW der betreffende Kern nicht stabil ist. 7) S. K . A l l i s o n , I,. S. S k a g g s 11. S . 11. S m i t h j r . , Physic. Rev. 54, 171 [193S-,.

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Das Atomgewicht des Cassiopeiums Analyse des Cassiopeiumtrichlorids

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Dreißig Jahre chemischer Atomgewichtsforschung

Die chemischen Elemente und natürlichen Atomarten nach dem Stande der Isotopen‐ und Kernforschung

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