Darnioji urbanistika

Compactness is Not Enough: Development and Trends of a Sustainable Urban Concept

“…The definition of sustainable development, officially recorded in the Brundtland Report 1987, describes sustainable development as one that guarantees people's welfare in the present without compromising the possibilities of people's welfare in the future [7]. The emergence of this definition was a push for discussions on the form of cities and encouraged researchers and practitioners in various disciplines to look for ways to improve the usual urban planning practices, which are perceived as the major source of environmental problems [8,[1][2][3][4]. The resolutions of the UN's World Commission on Environment and Development were and continue to be criticized mainly for two loopholes: firstly, the ideology of economic growth is not questioned and consumption culture is not challenged [9, 1741], [10]; secondly, the sustainability criteria have not been formulated and, as a result, the advocates of economic growth and materialism are able to use ideas of sustainable development for their own purposes [5,[142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155].…”

“…The scientific literature of the 21 st century already discusses not only the sustainable urban form, the definition of sustainable development encompasses the importance of the process as such and public involvement, as well as education, infrastructure support and encouragement of initiatives [30,3]. Sustainability is claimed to be a local, informed, inclusive process, in search of a balance that does not create problems beyond the boundaries of its territory [33,293].…”

“…A New European Bauhaus movement, that started at the end of 2020, also leads us to rethink this concept [2]. The way in which we understand the phenomenon of sustainable urban development and measures that shape a sustainable environment is reflected in cities and in the planning process [3,5].…”