Dark Shadows

Mills, Andrew; Ahlstrom, Mark; Brower, Michael C.; Ellis, Abraham; George, R.; Hoff, Thomas; Kroposki, Benjamin; Lenox, Carl; Miller, N.W.; Milligan, Michael; Stein, Joshua S.; Wan, Yih-huei

doi:10.1109/mpe.2011.940575

Cited by 96 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As you spread the VRE across an area, there is a marked decline in the system-wide variability. Numerous studies have examined how the system-wide variability is reduced for both wind and solar [14,15]. This is only possible as the interconnected system size increases and some small systems may not have any way to increase the geographic diversity of their system.…”

Section: Geographic Diversity Of Variable Resourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating high levels of variable renewable energy into electric power systems

Kroposki

2017

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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127

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As more variable renewable energy (VRE) such as wind and solar are integrated into electric power systems, technical challenges arise from the need to maintain the balance between load and generation at all timescales. This paper examines the challenges with integrating ultrahigh levels of VRE into electric power system, reviews a range of solutions to these challenges, and provides a description of several examples of ultra-high VRE systems that are in operation today.

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Section: Geographic Diversity Of Variable Resourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating high levels of variable renewable energy into electric power systems

Kroposki

2017

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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127

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“…For example, solar irradiance variability at a given point can produce ramps as high as 80% over intervals of one minute under broken cloud conditions [55]. We present more information relevant to Distribution Short-Term for solar resources in the Section 'Spatial correlation'.…”

Section: Solarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability Characteristics of European Wind and Solar Power Resources—A Review

Graabak

Korpås

2016

Energies

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This paper reviews the most recent and relevant research into the variability characteristics of wind and solar power resources in Europe. The background for this study is that wind and solar resources will probably constitute major components of the future European power system. Such resources are variable, and EU plans to balance the variability with more grids and demand response. Thus, planning for the future power system requires an in-depth understanding of the variability. Resource variability is a multi-faceted concept best described using a range of distinct characteristics, and this review is structured on the basis of seven of these: Distribution Long-Term (hours to years), Distribution Short-Term (less than one hour), Step Changes, Autocorrelation, Spatial Correlation, Cross Correlation and Predictable Patterns. The review presents simulations and empirical results related to resource variability for each of these characteristics. Results to date reveal that the variability characteristics of the future power system is limited understood. This study recommends the development of a scheme for greater systematic assessment of variability. Such a scheme will contribute to the understanding of the impacts of variability and will make it possible to compare alternative power production portfolios and impacts of grid expansions, demand response and storage technologies.

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“…Besides that, pair-wise correlations of PV-system ramp rates were derived from the data; they were shown to be close to zero, even for distances around 50 km. In fact, 1 min correlations of step-changes already had declined to 0.12 for two inverters within a single plant [5].…”

Section: Geographic Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a 290-and 500 MW-plant under construction, it is important to assess what variability can be expected from them. Other multi-MW plants were shown to exhibit extreme (minute) ramp rates of up to 50% for a 4.6 MW system [6], and 45% for a 13.2 MW system on a 'highly variable day' [5]. Kankiewicz et al assessed variations in the output of a 25 MW 2-axis tracker system in Florida, recording minute-averaged ramp rates of up to~20% during a single day's output [7].…”

Section: Geographic Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%