Dark Induced Senescence as a Tool in Breeding Wheat for Optimum Senescence Pattern

Sãulescu, N. N.; Ittu, G.; Mustăţea, P.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3674-9_59

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…, 2003). In addition to natural ageing, many environmental factors such as temperature, drought, nutrient supply, pathogen attack (Saulescu et al. , 2001; Smart, 1994) and light conditions can hasten senescence (Guo and Crawford, 2005; del Rio et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The definitive example of such metabolite reallocation in a leaf is delineated by leaf senescence (Hortensteiner and Feller, 2002;Lim et al, 2003). In addition to natural ageing, many environmental factors such as temperature, drought, nutrient supply, pathogen attack (Saulescu et al, 2001;Smart, 1994) and light conditions can hasten senescence (Guo and Crawford, 2005;del Rio et al, 2003;Weaver and Amasino, 2001). For example, dark-induced stress is characterized by leaf yellowing, caused by the breakdown of chlorophyll and general chlo-roplast degradation (Guo and Crawford, 2005;Hortensteiner and Feller, 2002;Pruzinska et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A critical role for ureides in dark and senescence‐induced purine remobilization is unmasked in the Atxdh1 Arabidopsis mutant

et al. 2008

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SummaryThe remobilization of metabolites during stress and senescence plays an important role in optimal plant adaptation to the environment. The plant molybdenum co-factor (MoCo) and flavin-containing enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH; EC 1.2.1.37) are pivotal for purine remobilization, and catalyze the conversion of the purine catabolic products hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid, which is subsequently degraded to the ureides allantoin and allantoate. We observed that in wild-type plants conditions of extended darkness or increasing leaf age caused induction of transcripts related to purine catabolism, resulting in marked accumulation of the purine catabolic products allantoin and allantoate. In contrast, Arabidopsis mutants of XDH, Atxdh1, accumulated xanthine and showed premature senescence symptoms, as exemplified by enhanced chlorophyll degradation, extensive cell death and upregulation of senescence-related transcripts. When dark-treated mutant lines were re-exposed to light, they showed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a higher mortality rate compared with wild-type plants. Interestingly, the level of ROS and mortality could be attenuated by the addition of allantoin and allantoate, suggesting that these metabolites can act as scavengers of ROS. The results highlight a crucial need for the controlled maintenance of ureide levels mediated by AtXDH1 activity during dark stress and ageing, and point to the dual functionality of ureides as efficient stores of nitrogen and as cellular protectants. Thus, the regulation of ureide levels by Atxdh1 has general implications for optimal plant survival during nutrient remobilization, such as occurs during normal growth, dark stress and senescence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical role for ureides in dark and senescence‐induced purine remobilization is unmasked in the Atxdh1 Arabidopsis mutant

et al. 2008

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“…Dark‐induced senescence has long been used as a model system to study physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of leaf senescence in plants (Gan and Amasino 1997). The onset and rate of leaf senescence induced by darkness is genotype dependent in wheat and other crops (Boyd and Walker 1972; Banowetz 1997; Saulescu et al 2001). In addition, Saulescu et al (2001) demonstrated that dark‐induced senescence in wheat seedlings is positively related to the developmental processes associated with aging under optimum conditions and can be used as a tool in breeding wheat varieties with an optimal senescence pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Dark‐Induced Senescence in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Lin

Gui

et al. 2011

JIPB

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In order to explore the genetics of dark-induced senescence in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was carried out in a doubled haploid population developed from a cross between the varieties Hanxuan 10 (HX) and Lumai 14 (LM). The senescence parameters chlorophyll content (Chl a+b, Chl a, and Chl b), original fluorescence (Fo), maximum fluorescence level (Fm), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and ratio of variable fluorescence to original fluorescence (Fv/Fo) were evaluated in the second leaf of whole three-leaf seedlings subjected to 7 d of darkness. A total of 43 QTLs were identified that were associated with dark-induced senescence using composite interval mapping. These QTLs were mapped to 20 loci distributed on 11 chromosomes: 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 3B, 3D, 5D, 6A, 6B, 7A, and 7B. The phenotypic variation explained by each QTL ranged from 7.5% to 19.4%. Eleven loci coincided with two or more of the analyzed parameters. In addition, 14 loci co-located or were linked with previously reported QTLs regulating flag leaf senescence, tolerance to high light stress, and grain protein content (Gpc), separately.

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“…As well as developmental leaf senescence, adverse biotic or abiotic conditions can interfere with or induce senescence (Gregersen et al, 2013). Thus, complex physiological and molecular processes have to be properly integrated with developmental programs and respond to many environmental cues, such as nonoptimal temperature, drought, limited nutrient supply, pathogen attack, and unfavorable light conditions (Smart, 1994;Ono et al, 1996;Thomas and deVilliers, 1996;CraftsBrandner et al, 1998;Saulescu et al, 2001).…”

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Comprehensive Dissection of Spatiotemporal Metabolic Shifts in Primary, Secondary, and Lipid Metabolism during Developmental Senescence in Arabidopsis

et al. 2013

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Developmental senescence is a coordinated physiological process in plants and is critical for nutrient redistribution from senescing leaves to newly formed sink organs, including young leaves and developing seeds. Progress has been made concerning the genes involved and the regulatory networks controlling senescence. The resulting complex metabolome changes during senescence have not been investigated in detail yet. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive profiling of metabolites, including pigments, lipids, sugars, amino acids, organic acids, nutrient ions, and secondary metabolites, and determined approximately 260 metabolites at distinct stages in leaves and siliques during senescence in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). This provided an extensive catalog of metabolites and their spatiotemporal cobehavior with progressing senescence. Comparison with silique data provides clues to source-sink relations. Furthermore, we analyzed the metabolite distribution within single leaves along the basipetal sink-source transition trajectory during senescence. Ceramides, lysolipids, aromatic amino acids, branched chain amino acids, and stressinduced amino acids accumulated, and an imbalance of asparagine/aspartate, glutamate/glutamine, and nutrient ions in the tip region of leaves was detected. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal distribution of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was already changed in the presenescent leaves, and glucosinolates, raffinose, and galactinol accumulated in the base region of leaves with preceding senescence. These results are discussed in the context of current models of the metabolic shifts occurring during developmental and environmentally induced senescence. As senescence processes are correlated to crop yield, the metabolome data and the approach provided here can serve as a blueprint for the analysis of traits and conditions linking crop yield and senescence.

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Dark Induced Senescence as a Tool in Breeding Wheat for Optimum Senescence Pattern

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

A critical role for ureides in dark and senescence‐induced purine remobilization is unmasked in the Atxdh1 Arabidopsis mutant

A critical role for ureides in dark and senescence‐induced purine remobilization is unmasked in the Atxdh1 Arabidopsis mutant

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Dark‐Induced Senescence in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Comprehensive Dissection of Spatiotemporal Metabolic Shifts in Primary, Secondary, and Lipid Metabolism during Developmental Senescence in Arabidopsis

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