Daptomycin-resistant Staphylococcus pettenkoferi of human origin.

Abstract

The importance of nosocomial infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci is constantly growing. The threat primarily affects immunocompromised patients, the elderly and neonates, particularly after invasive surgery. The problem is fundamentally exacerbated by expanding antibacterial drug resistance. A case report is presented of an 86-year-old patient who underwent a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery and developed septicaemia upon surgical wound infection. The causal agent was likely a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, however, daptomycin-resistant Staphylococcus pettenkoferi was identified in blood cultures in the absence of daptomycin treatment. To the authors' knowledge, the case study presented is the first published episode of daptomycin-resistant S. pettenkoferi strain.

Prevalence of Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance Determinants and Virulence-Related Genetic Elements in Plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus

“…The estimated carriage rate in communities reaches between 25 and 30% (Charlebois et al, 2002; Levy et al, 2005; Kuehnert et al, 2006; Li et al, 2014; Morgenstern et al, 2016). Regardless of its commensal nature, in predisposed individuals, such as newborns, young children, the elderly, immuno-compromised, post-surgical, or hospitalized ones, S. aureus is often a cause of difficult to treat and not rarely fatal as well as chronic infections, especially in clinical setting (Anstead et al, 2014; Savini et al, 2016). Community and livestock-associated S. aureus populations are of utmost importance for genetic elements exchange, in particular for dissemination of antibiotic determinants, and thus reservoirs of potentially life-threatening strains (Vandenesch et al, 2003; Armand-Lefevre et al, 2005; Voss et al, 2005; Nimmo, 2012; Planet et al, 2013; Strauß et al, 2017).…”

“…Temporary colonization of humans by animal strains leading to the interaction with human microbiota or stable colonization (host jump) are not a rare phenomenon and the last part of the route (Armand-Lefevre et al, 2005; Voss et al, 2005; Bosch et al, 2016). Indeed, commensal strains of the same species or genus constitute a vast reservoir for antibiotic resistance determinants for those displaying pathogenic potential as it is observed for staphylococci (Tulinski et al, 2012; Hung et al, 2015; Morgenstern et al, 2016; Savini et al, 2016).…”

Development and Validation of a Reference Data Set for Assigning Staphylococcus Species Based on Next-Generation Sequencing of the 16S-23S rRNA Region

“…The staphylococci are opportunistic pathogens that are a part of the natural microbiota of human and animal skin and mucous membranes (Kaspar et al, 2016; Islam et al, 2017; Mrochen et al, 2017; Kosecka-Strojek et al, 2018). However, changes in patient populations, such as the increased number of premature neonates, elderly and immunocompromised patients, and the increasing use of implanted foreign prosthetic material and indwelling catheters have led to a rise in documented infections caused by CoNS and CoPS other than S. aureus (Flores-Mireles et al, 2015; Giormezis et al, 2015; Butin et al, 2016; Savini et al, 2016). Because most studies report such infections as being caused by CoNS and do not differentiate isolates at the species level, the real impact of single species, especially less frequent species, is underreported.…”

Staphylococcus pettenkoferi Bacteremia in an American Intensive Care Unit

“…These cases hailed from Germany [ 3 ], France [ 8 ], Belgium [ 9 ], South Korea [ 10 ], Brazil [ 11 ], Italy [ 12 ], Mexico [ 13 ], and Canada [ 4 ]. Subsequent literature review was performed on PubMed using the search terms “Staphylococcus pettenkoferi,” “case report,” “bacteremia,” “clinical,” and “United States.” Additional reported cases of true bacteremia were identified in France [ 14 ], South Korea [ 15 ], Russia [ 16 ], Poland [ 17 ], Italy [ 18 ], and Kenya [ 19 ].…”

“…Subsequent literature review was performed on PubMed using the search terms "Staphylococcus pettenkoferi," "case report," "bacteremia," "clinical," and "United States." Additional reported cases of true bacteremia were identified in France [14], South Korea [15], Russia [16], Poland [17], Italy [18], and Kenya [19].…”