Dano, sistema de tomada de decisão, controle de Pseudophilothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) e sua relação com lesões fúngicas em frutos de goiaba

Abstract

RESUMO.Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o dano, o sistema de tomada de decisão, o controle de Pseudophilothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) e sua relação com lesões fúngicas em frutos de goiaba. O tripes presente nos frutos lesionados foi Pseudophilothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Os fungos isolados nas lesões foram Collethotricum gloesporiodes e Pestalotia sp. Verificou-se aumento do número de lesões fúngicas nos frutos em função de maiores densidades do tripes. Os inseticidas mais eficazes no controle do tripes foram: carbaril, cipermetrina, diclorvós, etiom, fempropatrina, fenitrotiom, fentiom, lambdacialotrina, metamidofós, paratiom metílico, permetrina, triclorfom e vamidotiom. A amostragem desse tripes deve ser realizada avaliando-se a percentagem de frutos verdes (diâmetro entre 1,5 a 3 cm) atacados pelo tripes. O plano de amostragem deve ser composto pela avaliação de quatro frutos/planta em nove plantas/talhão. O nível econômico de dano médio para Pseudophilothrips sp. em cultivares com frutos de polpa vermelha é 0,70 (pulverização tratorizada) e 1,82% (pulverização manual) de frutos atacados. Para cultivares com frutos de polpa branca o nível econômico de dano médio é 1,15% (pulverização tratorizada) e 2,96% (pulverização manual) de frutos atacados.Palavras-chave. Psidium guajava, tripes, Collethotricum gloesporiodes, Pestalotia sp., inseticidas, nível de dano econômico.ABSTRACT. Damage, make-decision system, control of Pseudophilothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), and its relationship with fungic lesions on guava fruits. This work aimed to study the damage, make-decision system, control of Pseudophilothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) and its relationship with fungic lesions on guava fruits. The thrips Pseudophilothrips sp (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) and the fungi Collethotricum gloesporiodes and Pestalotia sp were observed on fruits with lesions. The number of lesions/fruit increased in function of the numbers of nymphs and adults of thrips/fruit. The most effective insecticides were carbaryl, cypermethrin, dichlorvos, ethion, fenpropathrin, fenitrothion, fention, lambdacyhalothrin, metamidofos, methyl parathion, permethrin, triclorfon, and vamidothion. The thrips sampling should be done by evaluation of the percentage of young attacked fruit (1.5 to 3 cm of diameter) by nymphs and adults of thrips. The sampling plan should be composed by evaluation of four fruits/plant on nine plants/field. The average of the economic thresholds for red guava cultivars were 0.70% (tractor insecticide application) and 1.82% (conventional knapsack sprayer) of infested guava fruits. The average of economic thresholds for white guava cultivars were 1.15% (tractor insecticide application) and 2.96% (conventional knapsack sprayer) of fruits with Pseudophilothrips sp.

Record of Thrips (Insecta: Thysanoptera) and Fungi Affecting Soursop Trees in the State of Acre, Brazil

“…Thrips can transport fungal propagules in different body parts and open scars during their nutrition or egg-laying. Picanço et al (2003) verified an increase in the number of fungal injuries caused by C. gloeosporioides and Pestalotia sp. in guava fruits (Psidium guajava L., Myrtaceae), due to higher densities of Pseudophilothrips sp.…”

“…Pseudophilothrips species are not reported as transmitters of viral diseases. Nevertheless, some are considered pests for certain crops (Picanço et al, 2003;Monteiro and Lima, 2021). No symptoms of viral infection were found in the soursop seedlings analyzed.…”

Infestation rates of Mediterranean fruit fly [Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)] on common guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruits

“…(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), castor capsule Borer, Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), guava weevil, Conotrachelus psidii Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Souza-Filho & Costa, 2003), leaf twisting weevil, Apoderus transquebaricus Fab. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on foliage (Singh, 1996), Stem borer, Aristobia testudo Voet (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), trunk borer, Batocera rufomaculata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russel (Mani & Krishnamoorthy, 1996), tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis antonii Signoret (Hemiptera: Miridae), redbanded thrips, Selenothrips rubrocinctus Giard (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), grapevine thrips, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), the guava thrips, Liothrips anonae Moulton, 1933 (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) are secondary pests on guava plantations damaging leaves and shoots, and fruits (Gould & Raga, 2002, Picanço et al, 2003, mango mealybug, Rastrococcus iceryoides Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on vegetative as well as reproductive parts (Mani and Krishnamoorthy, 1998), green shield scale, Chloropulvinaria psidii Maskell and wax scale, Drepanococcus chiton Green (Hemiptera: Coccidae), the leaf-footed bug, Leptoglossus zonatus Dallas (Hemiptera: Coreidae) (Souza-Filho & Costa, 2003), Paradasynus rostratus Dist. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) on fruit (Beevi et al, 1989), psyllid, Triozoida limbata (Hemiptera: Triozidae) (Souza-Filho & Costa, 2003), aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) have been reported on guava (Pena et al, 2002;Gould & Raga, 2002;Uhammad Sarwar, 2006;Haseeb, 2007;Muniappan et al, 2012;Gundappa et al, 2018).…”

Interações multitróficas no cerrado: resultados condicionais nas relações entre plantas, herbívoros e predadores

“…are a poorly studied group (both taxonomically and ecologically) within Thysanoptera (Mound et al 2010). However, these species are a major concern given their severe herbivory of commercial crops and because thrips feeding facilitates the establishment of fungi in plants (Picanço et al 2003;Urías-López et al 2007).…”