Abstract:Резюме. В статье исследованы тенденции экстремального агроме-теорологического явления -опасной атмосферной засухи (ОАЗ) -и региональные особенности условий ее формирования на Европейской части России (ЕЧР) во второй половине XX -начале XXI века. В ЕЧР южнее 57 ° с.ш. за период более теплой Северной Атлантики (1995 -2014 года) по сравнению с ее более холодным периодом (1963 -1994 года) выявлено увеличение повторяемости периодов аномально высо-ких температур длительностью больше месяца. При этом в мае на больш… Show more
“…Several studies (e.g., References [47,49,55,58,78]) demonstrated that the EE/WR region has been associated with an increase in the occurrence of more meridional ECM or NH flow regimes, especially during the summer (Figure 5D). The study region has also been associated with an increase in atmospheric blocking (e.g., References [44][45][46][47]55,57,58]) and studies of drought associated with the extreme summer-season drought of 2010 over this region associated extreme dry summers with atmospheric blocking.…”
Section: Dry Summer Seasonsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They linked the transition of ENSO with dry summers. Then Reference [47] (which Reference [44] supports) linked a warmer drier climate of Southwestern Russia with the increase in certain weather types, including blocking.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…They attributed the difference to different rainfall patterns and drought frequency over this region for opposing phases of the QBO. In a follow-up article, Reference [44] found an increase in the frequency of dangerous atmospheric droughts during the 1995-2014 period when compared to 1963-1994. They found this was due to an increase in the frequency and intensity of blocking anticyclones in the Atlantic-European region during spring and summer for the period 1963-2016, especially around 30 • E longitude.…”
The character of the atmospheric general circulation during summer-season droughts over Eastern Europe/Western Russia and North America during the late twentieth and early twenty first century is examined here. A criterion to examine atmospheric drought events that encompassed the summer season (an important part of the growing season) was used to determine which years were driest, using precipitation, evaporation, and areal coverage. The relationship between drought and the character of the atmosphere, using the Dzerzeevsky weather and climatic classification scheme, atmospheric blocking, teleconnections, and information entropy, was used to study the atmospheric dynamics. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) re-analyses dataset archived at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, CO, USA, is used to examine the synoptic character and calculate the dynamic quantities for these dry events. The results demonstrate that extreme droughts over North America are associated with a long warm and dry period of weather and the development of a moderate ridge over the Central USA driven by surface processes. These were more common in the late 20th century. Extreme droughts over Eastern Europe and Western Russia are driven by the occurrence of prolonged blocking episodes, as well as surface processes, and have become more common during the 21st century.
“…Several studies (e.g., References [47,49,55,58,78]) demonstrated that the EE/WR region has been associated with an increase in the occurrence of more meridional ECM or NH flow regimes, especially during the summer (Figure 5D). The study region has also been associated with an increase in atmospheric blocking (e.g., References [44][45][46][47]55,57,58]) and studies of drought associated with the extreme summer-season drought of 2010 over this region associated extreme dry summers with atmospheric blocking.…”
Section: Dry Summer Seasonsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They linked the transition of ENSO with dry summers. Then Reference [47] (which Reference [44] supports) linked a warmer drier climate of Southwestern Russia with the increase in certain weather types, including blocking.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…They attributed the difference to different rainfall patterns and drought frequency over this region for opposing phases of the QBO. In a follow-up article, Reference [44] found an increase in the frequency of dangerous atmospheric droughts during the 1995-2014 period when compared to 1963-1994. They found this was due to an increase in the frequency and intensity of blocking anticyclones in the Atlantic-European region during spring and summer for the period 1963-2016, especially around 30 • E longitude.…”
The character of the atmospheric general circulation during summer-season droughts over Eastern Europe/Western Russia and North America during the late twentieth and early twenty first century is examined here. A criterion to examine atmospheric drought events that encompassed the summer season (an important part of the growing season) was used to determine which years were driest, using precipitation, evaporation, and areal coverage. The relationship between drought and the character of the atmosphere, using the Dzerzeevsky weather and climatic classification scheme, atmospheric blocking, teleconnections, and information entropy, was used to study the atmospheric dynamics. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) re-analyses dataset archived at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, CO, USA, is used to examine the synoptic character and calculate the dynamic quantities for these dry events. The results demonstrate that extreme droughts over North America are associated with a long warm and dry period of weather and the development of a moderate ridge over the Central USA driven by surface processes. These were more common in the late 20th century. Extreme droughts over Eastern Europe and Western Russia are driven by the occurrence of prolonged blocking episodes, as well as surface processes, and have become more common during the 21st century.
“…ridge is related to the rise in the frequency and intensity of blocking anticyclones in the Atlantic-European region (Cherenkova 2017). The decrease in extreme summer temperatures in the southeast Ural is also due to the same process, since arctic air masses spread to the Western Siberia along the eastern periphery of these blockings.…”
Section: Table 1 Average Maximum and Minimum Values Of The Differenmentioning
The paper presents a series of maps of extreme climatic characteristics for the Ural region and their changes under climate warming observed in last decades. We calculate threshold, absolute and percentile-based indices with the use of daily temperature and precipitation dataset of 99 weather stations of Roshydromet. Extreme climatic characteristics were averaged by moving 30-year periods from 1951 to 2010 for temperature and from 1966 to 2015 for precipitation. The regression-based interpolation was used for mapping climatic extremes taking into consideration the influence of topography. Elevation and general curvature of the terrain are considered as independent variables. In addition, the changes of extreme characteristics between the 30-year periods were estimated. As a result, a series of maps of temperature and precipitation extremes for the Ural region has been created. The maps present not only spatial distribution of the climatic extremes, but also regional features of their changes under climate warming. In general, the revealed changes in extremes in the Ural region correspond to the trends observed on the most of the territory of Russia. There is a substantial decrease of the number of extremely cold days in winter, and the minimum winter temperature has a strong positive trend (up to 1-5°C/30 years). The maximum temperature in summer has a positive trend in most of the territory, but the increase rate does not exceed 2°C between 1951–1980 and 1981–2010. The precipitation extremes also increased up to 0.5-1.5 mm when comparing 1966–1995 and 1985–2015 periods.
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