Damping of plasmons in graphene

Buljan, Hrvoje; Jablan, Marinko; Soljačić, Marin

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.103

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Recent works on SPhPs in 2D materials 2 such as hBN and MoO 3 have reported effective indices, n eff ( = k/k 0 , where k is the inplane polariton wavevector and k 0 is the free-space wavevector) of around a hundred 10,18 -several times larger than values previously reported for plasmons in metallic nanostructures and comparable to graphene 19 . While graphene plasmons can be more tightly confined than metal plasmons 20 , their confinement (and hence n eff ) is ultimately limited by Landau damping [21][22][23][24] , through which a plasmon creates an electron-hole pair as it enters the single-particle phase space 25 . In contrast, SPhPs in hBN are unimpeded by Landau damping due to the bosonic nature of both phonons and photons, suggesting that polariton confinement via SPhPs in hBN can exceed what is possible with graphene plasmons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Image polaritons in boron nitride for extreme polariton confinement with low losses

Lee

Zhang

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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Polaritons in two-dimensional materials provide extreme light confinement that is difficult to achieve with metal plasmonics. However, such tight confinement inevitably increases optical losses through various damping channels. Here we demonstrate that hyperbolic phonon polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride can overcome this fundamental trade-off. Among two observed polariton modes, featuring a symmetric and antisymmetric charge distribution, the latter exhibits lower optical losses and tighter polariton confinement. Far-field excitation and detection of this high-momenta mode become possible with our resonator design that can boost the coupling efficiency via virtual polariton modes with image charges that we dub 'image polaritons'. Using these image polaritons, we experimentally observe a record-high effective index of up to 132 and quality factors as high as 501. Further, our phenomenological theory suggests an important role of hyperbolic surface scattering in the damping process of hyperbolic phonon polaritons.

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confidence: 99%

Image polaritons in boron nitride for extreme polariton confinement with low losses

Lee

Zhang

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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“…We note that the nature of electrides also naturally makes the excited ADP to have a low damping. In general, there are several possible damping pathways for plasmons [43], including direct decay into electron-hole pairs via intra-or inter-band Landau damping, scattering from impurities or defects, and inelastic scattering with phonons. For DPs, the first two processes can be effectively reduced by changing n and improving sample quality, respectively.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For DPs, the first two processes can be effectively reduced by changing n and improving sample quality, respectively. Thus, the phonon-assisted damping is usually the dominant loss pathway [43][44][45]. As shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anomalous Dirac Plasmons in 1D Topological Electrides

et al. 2019

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Plasmon opens up the possibility to efficiently couple light and matter at sub-wavelength scales.In general, the plasmon frequency is dependent of carrier density. This dependency, however, renders fundamentally a weak plasmon intensity at low frequency, especially for Dirac plasmon (DP) widely studied in graphene. Here we demonstrate a new type of DP, excited by a Dirac nodal-surface state, which exhibits an anomalously density-independent frequency. Remarkably, we predict realization of anomalous DP (ADP) in 1D topological electrides, such as Ba 3 CrN 3 and Sr 3 CrN 3 , by first-principles calculations. The ADPs in both systems have a density-independent frequency and high intensity, and their frequency can be tuned from terahertz to mid-infrared by changing the excitation direction. Furthermore, the intrinsic weak electron-phonon coupling of anionic electrons in electrides affords an added advantage of ultra-low phonon-assisted damping and hence a long lifetime of the ADPs. Our work paves the way to developing novel plasmonic and optoelectronic devices by combining topological physics with electride materials. *

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“…In order to solve the SPP loss problem, low-loss plasmonics based on graphene [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and topological insulators (TIs) [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] has attracted much recent attention. In far-infrared and THz range, the major loss mechanism in graphene lies in the scattering between electrons and optical phonons [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Tunable THz surface plasmon polariton based on a topological insulator/layered superconductor hybrid structure

Dai

Cui

et al. 2014

Phys. Rev. B

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We theoretically investigate the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) at the interface between a three-dimensional strong topological insulator (TI) and a layered superconductor/magnetic insulator structure, within the random phase approximation. The tunability of the SPP through electronic doping can be enhanced when the magnetic permeability of the layered structure becomes higher. When the interface is gapped by superconductivity or perpendicular magnetism, the SPP dispersion is further distorted, accompanied by a shift of group velocity and penetration depth. Such a shift of the SPP reaches a maximum when the magnitude of the Fermi level approaches the gap value, and may lead to observable effects. The tunable SPP at the interface between layeredsuperconductor and magnetic materials in proximity to the TI surface may provide new insight in the detection of Majorana fermions.

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Damping of plasmons in graphene

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Image polaritons in boron nitride for extreme polariton confinement with low losses

Image polaritons in boron nitride for extreme polariton confinement with low losses

Anomalous Dirac Plasmons in 1D Topological Electrides

Tunable THz surface plasmon polariton based on a topological insulator/layered superconductor hybrid structure

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