“…Since the successful launching of the first Sputnik-1 satellite on October 4, 1957, many scholars have carried out all kinds of wide-ranging and extensive studies on satellite gravity measurement. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The Earth's static and timevarying gravitational field can reflect the spatial distribution, movement and alteration of materials on and inside the Earth, and can dominate the undulation and changes of the geoid. Accordingly, investigating the detailed configuration and time-variable characteristics of the Earth's gravitational field not only is required for satellite geodesy, space science, astronautics, geophysics, seismology, oceanography, and so on, but also provides important information for resource exploration, environmental protection and disaster monitoring.…”