Dampak Demokrasi terhadap Perdagangan di Negara-Negara Berpendapatan Menengah dan Tinggi Asia [Impacts of Democracy on Trade Activity in Asia's Middle and High Income Countries]

Abstract

A democratic system is a way as the basis for supporting the trade process among countries. Increased international trade can generate economic growth. But some parties claim that democracy actually would hinder or even threatens the trade flows. That dynamic situation is increasingly apparent in middle and high-income countries. This study aims to determine whether democracy impacts on trade, especially in Asia. Using the Gravity Model, this study focuses on 11 countries divided by their income from period 2009 to 2018. The high-income countries chosen in this study are Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Brunei Darussalam, and middleincome countries are China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, Pakistan, and India. Using the panel data regression method, the results of this study states that democracy in the Asia Countries affected trade significantly. It was also found that trade in high-income countries was not affected by democracy, while trade in low-income countries was strongly influenced by democracy.

Pengaruh Demokrasi Terhadap Perdagangan Internasional Indonesia Dengan Negara-Negara Asean

“…Demokrasi berperan dalam mendukung terjadinya perdagangan antar negara, yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi negara (Tambunan, 2020). Hal ini dikarenakan melalui sistem demokrasi yang berjalan baik maka dapat menjadi wadah aktivitas perekonomian, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa perdagangan dan demokrasi memiliki hubungan yang erat (Barro, 1996;Rodrik, 1999).…”