Dampak Bencana Banjir Terhadap Ekonomi Masyarakat di Kecamatan Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda

Abstract

Kecamatan samarinda utara merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang paling sering terkena dampak banjir baik karena banjir luapan sungai Karangmumus maupun setelah hujan lebat. Kondisi seringkali mempengaruhi kehidupan masyrakat samarinda utara sehari-hari. Fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh dampak bencana banjir terhadap perekonomian masyrakat di Kecamatan Samarinda Utara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi pada saat dan setelah banjir, dan juga wawancara kepada masyarakat yang terdampak banjir. Analisis data menggunakan trianggulasi data dari hasil observasi, wawancara dan data-data dari dinas terkait. Dampak banjir dari segi ekonomi dapat dilihat rusaknya rumah dan perkakasnya, tanaman pertanian, serta hilangnya hewan ternak. Selain itu banjir juga membuat terganggunya aktivitas perekonomian penduduk karena hilangnya akses penduduk karena terendamnya jalan utama maupun alternatif. Dampak terhadap perekonomian terbesar adalah dari akibat banjir Sungai Karangmumus yang lama waktu banjir bisa mencapai 1 minggu. Sedangkan dampak banjir akibat luapan drainase saat hujan lebat berdampak pada terganggunya akses maupun terendamnya permukiman dan fasilitas-fasilitas perekonomian masyarakat yang hanya beberapa jam saja. Kondisi inilah yang membuat terganggunya aktivitas perekonomian masyarakat Samarinda Utara akibat seringnya banjir baik karena hujan lebat maupun sungai Karangmumus.

Studies on flood disaster causes in DKI Jakarta Province

“…The vegetated area decreased again by 0.54 km 2 and the water body area also decreased by 3.25 km 2 , but the non-vegetated area also increased again by 3.79 km 2 from the previous year, so that the vegetated areas was 239.23 km 2 , non-vegetation areas to 381.94 km 2 , and water body areas to 40.35 km 2 in 2019. In 2020, the vegetated area decreased by 6.8 km 2 and the water body area also decreased by 2.27 km 2 , but the non-vegetated area increased by 9.07 km 2 from the previous year, so the vegetated areas became 232.43 km 2 , the non-vegetated areas to 391.01 km 2 , and water body areas to 38.08 km 2 . The results of land use data processing in DKI Jakarta province in the last five years (2016-2020), described earlier, can be seen in Figure 5.…”

“…According to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of DKI Jakarta province, the average position of the entire DKI Jakarta province is 7 meters [20], with the lowest point being -1 meters and the highest point being 91 meters above sea level. and the water body area also decreased by 3.29 km 2 , but the non-vegetated area increased by 13.42 km 2 from the previous year, so that the vegetated areas became 314.85 km 2 , the non-vegetated areas to 301.07 km 2 , and the water body areas to 44.9 km 2 in 2017. In 2018, the vegetated area decreased again by 75.08 km 2 and the water body area also decreased by 1.3 km 2 , but the non-vegetated area increased by 77.08 km 2 from the previous year, so the vegetated areas became 239.77 km 2 , non-vegetation areas to 378.15 km 2 , and water body areas to 43.6 km 2 .…”

“…In 2018, the vegetated area decreased again by 75.08 km 2 and the water body area also decreased by 1.3 km 2 , but the non-vegetated area increased by 77.08 km 2 from the previous year, so the vegetated areas became 239.77 km 2 , non-vegetation areas to 378.15 km 2 , and water body areas to 43.6 km 2 . The vegetated area decreased again by 0.54 km 2 and the water body area also decreased by 3.25 km 2 , but the non-vegetated area also increased again by 3.79 km 2 from the previous year, so that the vegetated areas was 239.23 km 2 , non-vegetation areas to 381.94 km 2 , and water body areas to 40.35 km 2 in 2019. In 2020, the vegetated area decreased by 6.8 km 2 and the water body area also decreased by 2.27 km 2 , but the non-vegetated area increased by 9.07 km 2 from the previous year, so the vegetated areas became 232.43 km 2 , the non-vegetated areas to 391.01 km 2 , and water body areas to 38.08 km 2 .…”

“…Floods are a type of disaster that occurs due to the inability of the soil and drainage networks to absorb or accommodate runoff on the surface, thus creating large-scale inundations or flows that are detrimental and damaging [1][2][3]. Flood disasters can occur anywhere and at any time, depending on the situation and conditions that have the potential to trigger the disaster.…”

“…Land use ChangesData on land use in DKI Jakarta province consists of 325.68 km 2 of vegetated areas, 287.65 km 2 of nonvegetated areas, and 48.19 km 2 of water body areas in 2016. The vegetated area decreased by 10.83 km2 …”