Dammarane saponins of Gynostemna pentaphyllum Makino and isolation of malonylginsenosides-Rb1, -Rd, and malonylgypenoside V.

Kuwabara, Masaaki; Kawanishi, Fumiaki; Komiya, Takeya; Oshio, Haruji

doi:10.1248/cpb.37.135

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…GP is a traditional Chinese medicine popular in a number of countries as a treatment for hyperlipidemia and various inflammatory diseases, especially in respiratory and cardiovascular systems (see Introduction). The medicinal properties of GP have been mainly attributed to the dammarane type triterpene components, also known as dammarane saponins which make up about 2.4% of the dried herb, with $75% being gypenosides [40]. As gypenosides are structurally related to ginseng saponins, the ginsenosides, which are the well-known biologically active principles in Korean ginseng, GP has received much attention in recent times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gypenoside XLIX isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum inhibits nuclear factor-kappaB activation via a PPAR-alpha-dependent pathway

Huang

Razmovski-Naumovski

et al. 2006

J Biomed Sci

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Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB is important in the generation of inflammation. Besides regulating lipid metabolism, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha activators also reduce NF-kappaB activation to terminate activation of inflammatory pathways. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) has been used to treat various inflammatory diseases and hyperlipidemia. Here, we demonstrate that GP extract and one of its main components, Gypenoside XLIX (Gyp-XLIX) inhibited LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation in murine macrophages. Furthermore, Gyp-XLIX restored the LPS- and TNF-alpha-induced decrease in cytosolic I-kappaBalpha protein expression and inhibited the translocation of NF-kappaB(p65) to the nucleus in THP-1 monocyte and HUVEC cells. The inhibition of LPS- and TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB luciferase activity in macrophages was abolished by MK-886, a selective PPAR-alpha antagonist. GP extract and Gyp-XLIX (EC(50): 10.1 microM) enhanced PPAR-alpha luciferase activity in HEK293 cells transfected with the tK-PPREx3-Luc reporter plasmid and expression vectors for PPAR-alpha. Additionally, Gyp-XLIX specifically enhanced PPAR-alpha mRNA and protein expression in THP-1-derived macrophage cells. The selectivity of Gyp-XLIX for PPAR-alpha was demonstrated by the activation of only PPAR-alpha in HEK293 cells transfected with expression vectors for PPAR-alpha, PPAR-beta/delta or PPAR-gamma1 plasmids and in THP-1-derived macrophage naturally expressing all three PPAR isoforms. The present study demonstrates that Gyp-XLIX, a naturally occurring gynosaponin, inhibits NF-kappaB activation via a PPAR-alpha-dependent pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gypenoside XLIX isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum inhibits nuclear factor-kappaB activation via a PPAR-alpha-dependent pathway

Huang

Razmovski-Naumovski

et al. 2006

J Biomed Sci

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“…G. pentaphyllum (usually dried material) can be extracted with a variety of solvents, including water, methanol and ethanol for the more polar material; ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and chloroform for the less polar material, using an open system or under reflux. The separating methods include 1:1 partition with water and butanol, silica gel chromatography, alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), sephadex , ODS, XAD-2 and other styrene copolymers (Nagai et al, 1981;Takemoto et al, 1981Takemoto et al, , 1982Kuwahara et al, 1989;Zhao et al, 1995;Wang and Li, 1997;Wang et al, 1997a).…”

Section: Isolation and Identification Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recommended mobile phase systems for normalphase silica gel plates include: chloroform/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (15:40:22:10) (Xie and Yan, 1987), chloroform/methanol/ethyl acetate (20:10:1) (Zheng and He, 2000) and chloroform/ methanol/water (14:11:2) (Wang, 1994). For reversed-phase plates, the mobile phase system usually consists of methanol/water (75:25) (Kuwahara et al, 1989). To visualise the bands, spray reagents such as a solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and methanol (1:1) (Wang, 1994) or anisaldehyde/sulfuric acid/glacial acetic acid/methanol (1:10:20:170) (Jork et al, 1900) can be employed.…”

Section: Isolation and Identification Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, eight saponins are the same as the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides Rb 1 (Gypenoside III) (Kuwahara et al, 1989;Takemoto et al, 1983a), Rc , Rb 3 (Gypenoside IV), Rd (Gypenoside VIII), F 2 , Rg 3 (Qin et al, 1992), malonyl-Rb 1 and malonyl-Rd (Kuwahara et al, 1989) found in P. ginseng. R f , a protopanaxatriol has also been reported .…”

Section: Saponin Structuresmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Chemistry and Pharmacology of Gynostemma pentaphyllum

et al. 2005

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In traditional Chinese medicine, Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a herbal drug of extreme versatility and has been extensively researched in China. The dammarane saponins isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, namely gypenosides or gynosaponins, are believed to be the active components responsible for its various biological activities and reported clinical effects. This review attempts to encompass the available literature on Gynostemma pentaphyllum, from its cultivation to the isolation of its chemical entities and a summary of its diverse pharmacological properties attributed to its gypenoside content. Other aspects such as toxicology and pharmacokinetics are also discussed. In vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that Gynostemma pentaphyllum may complement the popular herbal medicine, Panax ginseng, as it also contains a high ginsenoside content and exhibits similar biological activities. Abbreviations

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“…1) In addition, the structures of more than six gypenosides from G. pentaphyllum were reported to be the same with the ginsenosides from P. ginseng. 2) In recent years, several pharmacological eŠects of G. pentaphyllum have been reported, such as anticancer, 3) anti-gastric ulcer, 4) treatment of hepatitis, 5) and hyperlipidaemia. 6) Moreover, insulin releasing substance had also been isolated from this plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Extract of <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i>Enhanced the Production of Antibodies and Cytokines in Mice

Huang

Kuo

et al. 2007

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI

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Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a popular herbal tea in China and some Asian countries. The modulatory function of G. pentaphyllum total plant extracts on immune cells was evaluated in this study. The extract was intraperitoneally injected into mice for 5 consecutive days. The production of antibodies from B cells or cytokines from T cells was determined mainly with ELISA. After the treatment, serum IgM and IgG2a were signiˆcantly enhanced and showed dosedependent eŠect. Moreover, serum IgA and IgG1 were also increased when received the extract at the doses of 0.05 or 0.50 g/kg/day. In addition to the serum levels, the injection of the extract enhanced the production of all antibodies from LPS-activated spleen cells. Furthermore, more cytokines were secreted from Con A-stimulated splenocytes of G. pentaphyllum-treated mice. Our results suggest that the extract of G. pentaphyllum might promote immune responses through the activation of T and B cells.

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Dammarane saponins of Gynostemna pentaphyllum Makino and isolation of malonylginsenosides-Rb1, -Rd, and malonylgypenoside V.

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Gypenoside XLIX isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum inhibits nuclear factor-kappaB activation via a PPAR-alpha-dependent pathway

Gypenoside XLIX isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum inhibits nuclear factor-kappaB activation via a PPAR-alpha-dependent pathway

Chemistry and Pharmacology of Gynostemma pentaphyllum

The Extract of <i>Gynostemma pentaphyllum</i>Enhanced the Production of Antibodies and Cytokines in Mice

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