Damage to Solids by Liquid Impact at Supersonic Speeds

Bowden, F. P.; Brunton, J. H.

doi:10.1038/181873a0

Cited by 83 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In the latter, circumferential fractures were created with ring cracks and occasionally, in materials showing tendency to deform plastically, subsurface shear cracks (Brunton, 1966). The appearance of ring and star cracks was also seen in an experiment by Bowden et al (1958) using non-metals, where the failure in hard and soft metals was presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…To examine the mechanism that results in damage, differing materials have been used in a range of studies (Bowden et al, 1958;Bowden and Brunton, 1961;Bowden and Field, 1964;Brunton, 1966;Smith and Kinslow, 1975). The deformation of the structures is considered to relate to two types of impact stresses, namely the stress caused by the water hammer effect leading to short-term compression of the surface and the stress associated with erosive scouring action of high-velocity tangential flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A numerical study on high-speed water jet impact

et al. 2013

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study on high-speed water jet impact

et al. 2013

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“…Systematic investigations about the response of brittle materials to liquid (basically water) drop impingement are known for decades. Bowden and Brunton (1958) noted different failure patterns in brittle, rigid materials (glasses, ceramics) and in metals. The main damage feature noted in brittle materials was an undamaged central area surrounded by a system of discrete cracks.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Liquid Drop Impingement On Brittle Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation and fracture of rocks due to high-speed liquid impingement

Momber

2004

Int J Fract

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The paper reports on the deformation and fracture of four rock materials and two cementitious materials due to the impingement of simulated liquid drops at velocities up to 900 m/s. For hard materials, the damage appeared in the form of an undamaged central region surrounded by rings of discrete microcracks. The size of the undamaged zone corresponded to the theoretical contact diameter for low and medium impact velocities, whereas the outer ring size corresponded to the simulated drop diameter. For soft materials, crack formation was obliterated by features of plastic flow. An elastic-plastic transition criterion was derived to explain these different types of response. Crack ring diameter increased as impact velocity increased. However, for rather non-homogeneous materials this relationship was very weak. Failure due to lateral jetting could be noted and was found to contribute significantly to the damage. Material was removed by two different modes: 'drilling mode' and 'chipping mode', respectively. The first mode applied to soft and porous materials, namely limestone and sandstone, whereas the second mode applied to rather dense and brittle materials, namely granite and feldspar. List of Symbolsc = shock wave velocity d = diameter k = shock parameter p B = stagnation pressure p C = impact pressure r C = radius of contact r L = simulated drop radius t 1 = impact period t 2 = jetting period t P = compression (pulse) period v L = impact velocity v S = speed of sound ρ = density σ P = impact (pulse) stress Subscripts L = liquid M = target material 684 A.W. Momber

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“…In order to generate high-speed jets, Bowden and Brunton [22,23] enhanced pressures in a liquid filling a container by a momentum transfer created with a sudden impingement of a high-speed projectile. Then shock waves are generated inside the container.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Ignition over Impact-Driven Supersonic Liquid Fuel Jet

Matthujak

Pianthong

Takayama

et al. 2012

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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This study experimentally investigates the mechanism of the ignition of the supersonic liquid fuel jet by the visualization. NHexadecane having the cetane number of 100 was used as a liquid for the jet in order to enhance the ignition potential of the liquid fuel jet. Moreover, the heat column and the high intensity CO 2 laser were applied to initiate the ignition. The ignition over the liquid fuel jet was visualized by a high-speed digital video camera with a shadowgraph system. From the shadowgraph images, the autoignition or ignition of the supersonic liquid fuel jet, at the velocity of 1,186 m/s which is a Mach number relative to the air of 3.41, did not take place. The ignition still did not occur, even though the heat column or the high intensity CO 2 laser was alone applied. The attempt to initiate the ignition over the liquid fuel jet was achieved by applying both the heat column and the high intensity CO 2 laser. Observing the signs of luminous spots or flames in the shadowgraph would readily indicate the presence of ignitions. The mechanism of the ignition and combustion over the liquid fuel jet was clearly clarified. Moreover, it was found that the ignition over the supersonic liquid fuel jet in this study was rather the force ignition than being the auto-ignition induced by shock wave heating.

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Damage to Solids by Liquid Impact at Supersonic Speeds

Cited by 83 publications

References 2 publications

A numerical study on high-speed water jet impact

A numerical study on high-speed water jet impact

Deformation and fracture of rocks due to high-speed liquid impingement

Experimental Study of Ignition over Impact-Driven Supersonic Liquid Fuel Jet

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