Damage Threshold to a Commercial Mushroom by a Mushroom-Infesting Phorid (Diptera: Phoridae)

Rinker, Danny Lee; Snetsinger, Robert

doi:10.1093/jee/77.2.449

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…A few insect species were listed as the main pests of mushroom culture, causing direct and indirect damage by feeding on mycelium and mushroom sporophores, contaminating the crop and transmitting spores of mushroom diseases (Hussey et al 1969; White 1981, 1986; Rinker and Snetsinger 1984). Among the mites occurring in mushroom houses, species from the Acaridae, Tarsonemidae, Siteroptidae and Histiostomatidae were mentioned as economically important (Hussey et al 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prey preference and life tables of the predatory mite Parasitus bituberosus (Acari: Parasitidae) when offered various prey combinations

2013

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Parasitus bituberosus Karg (Acari: Parasitidae) is one of the predatory mite species inhabiting mushroom houses. It is known to accept a wide range of prey, suggesting that it may be a promising candidate for the biological control of key pests of mushroom culture. In our study it did not show any prey preference among four groups of small organisms often occurring in mushroom growth medium, namely rhabditid nematodes, pygmephorid mites, and sciarid and phorid fly larvae. Nevertheless, the type of food these predators fed on affects their development. The shortest egg-to-adult development time was obtained on a nematode diet. On a diet of phorid larvae, mite development stopped at the deutonymph stage; none reached adulthood. All other diets sufficed to reach the adult phase. Female fecundity when fed nematodes and sciarid larvae did not differ, but it was much lower when fed pygmephorid mites. Other life table parameters confirmed that pygmephorid mites constituted the worst diet for P. bituberosus. The highest intrinsic rate of population increase (rm = 0.34) was obtained on the nematode diet; when fed sciarid larvae and pygmephorid mites it was 0.25 and 0.14, respectively. Our study provides good reasons to further test P. bituberosus as biocontrol agent of especially sciarid flies and nematodes, especially when the compost is well colonized by mushroom mycelium (which retards nematode growth).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prey preference and life tables of the predatory mite Parasitus bituberosus (Acari: Parasitidae) when offered various prey combinations

2013

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“…Yield losses to mushroom flies may result directly from fly larvae feeding on mycelia or mushrooms, or indirectly from the adult flies acting as vectors for the introduction of mites and diseases 7–10. Although direct damage to the crop by M. halterata is not very important,11 the presence of phorids must be avoided as the adults are vectors of the dry mould Verticillium fungicola (Preuss) Hassebrauk 12. The infestation of mushroom flies generally occurs as the compost cools and during the introduction of spawn into the compost 13.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the mushroom phorid fly, Megaselia halterata (Wood), with plant extracts

Erler

Polat

Demir

et al. 2008

Pest Management Science

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“…Both the mushroom sciarid Lycoriella auripila and the mushroom phorid Megaselia ialterata are a continuous threat in mushroom culture. Although direct damage to the crop by M. halterata is not very important (Rinker & Snetsinger, 1984), the presence of phorids must )e avoided as the adults are vectors of the dry mould Verticillium fungicola (White, 1981). The economic threshold for sciarid larvae is virtually zero (White, 1986) necessitating :hemical control at very low larval densities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the mushroom pests Lycoriella auripila (Diptera: Sciaridae) and Megaselia halterata (Diptera: Phoridae) by Steinernema feltiae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) in field experiments

Scheepmaker¹,

Geels²,

Smits³

et al. 1997

Annals of Applied Biology

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The nematode Steinemema feltiae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) was tested for its ability to control two main mushroom pests i.e. the sciarid Lycoriella auripila (Diptera: Sciaridae) and the phorid Megaselia halterata (Diptera: Phoridae) in growing-rooms filled with spawned compost. A clear difference between female and male sciarid control was observed. A nematode application 1 day after casing preceded by an application 1 day before casing on the compost caused an almost complete control (97%) of the F1-generation of female sciarids. The FZgeneration of females was similarly controlled (95%) by an application 7 days after casing. A dosage of 1 x lo6 nematodes mP2 was found to be equally effective as higher dosages. Diflubenzuron remained active throughout entire the cropping period with high sciarid mortality rates varying from 72% to 99%.Phorid control was variable and seemed to depend on the presence of sciarids. In one occasion the control rate of F2-generation phorid larvae was 75% and was possibly caused by the presence of new infective juvenile nematodes recycled in FZgeneration sciarid larvae. Diflubenzuron did not significantly reduce phorid numbers.

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Damage Threshold to a Commercial Mushroom by a Mushroom-Infesting Phorid (Diptera: Phoridae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Prey preference and life tables of the predatory mite Parasitus bituberosus (Acari: Parasitidae) when offered various prey combinations

Prey preference and life tables of the predatory mite Parasitus bituberosus (Acari: Parasitidae) when offered various prey combinations

Control of the mushroom phorid fly, Megaselia halterata (Wood), with plant extracts

Control of the mushroom pests Lycoriella auripila (Diptera: Sciaridae) and Megaselia halterata (Diptera: Phoridae) by Steinernema feltiae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) in field experiments

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