Damage threshold of inorganic solids under free-electron-laser irradiation at 32.5nm wavelength

Hau‐Riege, Stefan P.; London, Richard A.; Bionta, R.; McKernan, M. A.; Baker, Sherry L.; Krzywiński, J.; Sobierajski, R.; Nietubyć, R.; Pełka, J.; Jurek, M.; Juha, L.; Chalupský, J.; Cihelka, J.; Hájková, V.; Velyhan, A.; Krása, J.; Kuba, J.; Tiedtke, K.; Toleikis, S.; Tschentscher, Th.; Wabnitz, H.; Bergh, M.; Caleman, Carl; Sokolowski‐Tinten, K.; Stojanović, Nikola; Zastrau, U.

doi:10.1063/1.2734366

Cited by 72 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(1 reference statement)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…14 A rough estimate of the dose required to damage a material is to absorb enough energy to raise the material's temperature from room temperature to its melting point. 15 For ruthenium, this absorbed energy dose is 1.01 eV/atom 16 and for B 4 C this dose threshold is 3.7 eV/atom. 17 However, as Xray optic coating are thin films, care must be given to investigate and understand the interfaces between the film and the substrate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluence thresholds for grazing incidence hard x-ray mirrors

Aquila

Sobierajski

Özkan

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) have the potential to contribute to many fields of science and to enable many new avenues of research, in large part due to their orders of magnitude higher peak brilliance than existing and future synchrotrons. To best exploit this peak brilliance, these XFEL beams need to be focused to appropriate spot sizes. However, the survivability of X-ray optical components in these intense, femtosecond radiation conditions is not guaranteed. As mirror optics are routinely used at XFEL facilities, a physical understanding of the interaction between intense X-ray pulses and grazing incidence X-ray optics is desirable. We conducted single shot damage threshold fluence measurements on grazing incidence X-ray optics, with coatings of ruthenium and boron carbide, at the SPring-8 Angstrom compact free electron laser facility using 7 and 12 keV photon energies. The damage threshold dose limits were found to be orders of magnitude higher than would naively be expected. The incorporation of energy transport and dissipation via keV level energetic photoelectrons accounts for the observed damage threshold.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluence thresholds for grazing incidence hard x-ray mirrors

Aquila

Sobierajski

Özkan

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We estimate the error in the damage threshold to be about 50% due to errors in the beam area, the energy measurements of the gas detector, and the small number of exposure per exposure series. Thresholds of inorganic materials [1] are at least one order of magnitude higher that the threshold found with the same radiation in an organic polymer [2]. This is not surprising because inorganic solids exhibit in general higher thermal as well as radiation resistance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Damage threshold of inorganic solids under free-electron-laser irradiation at 32.5 nm wavelength

Hau-Riege¹,

London²,

Bionta³

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Uncertainties in the measurements are due to errors in the GMD data (around 10%) [23], to a decrease in the mirror reflectivity during this experiment (from 67% to 50%) [22], and to an uncertainty in the exact sample position (z) relative to the focal plane. The uncertainty in the position affects calculated power densities by up to 30% when the sample was close to the best focus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturated ablation in metal hydrides and acceleration of protons and deuterons to keV energies with a soft-x-ray laser

Andreasson

Iwan²,

Andrejczuk³

et al. 2011

Phys. Rev. E

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies of materials under extreme conditions have relevance to a broad area of research, including planetary physics, fusion research, materials science, and structural biology with x-ray lasers. We study such extreme conditions and experimentally probe the interaction between ultrashort soft x-ray pulses and solid targets (metals and their deuterides) at the FLASH free-electron laser where power densities exceeding 10 17 W/cm 2 were reached. Time-of-flight ion spectrometry and crater analysis were used to characterize the interaction. The results show the onset of saturation in the ablation process at power densities above 10 16 W/cm 2 . This effect can be linked to a transiently induced x-ray transparency in the solid by the femtosecond x-ray pulse at high power densities. The measured kinetic energies of protons and deuterons ejected from the surface reach several keV and concur with predictions from plasma-expansion models. Simulations of the interactions were performed with a nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium code with radiation transfer. These calculations return critical depths similar to the observed crater depths and capture the transient surface transparency at higher power densities.

show abstract

Damage threshold of inorganic solids under free-electron-laser irradiation at 32.5nm wavelength

Cited by 72 publications

References 13 publications

Fluence thresholds for grazing incidence hard x-ray mirrors

Fluence thresholds for grazing incidence hard x-ray mirrors

Damage threshold of inorganic solids under free-electron-laser irradiation at 32.5 nm wavelength

Saturated ablation in metal hydrides and acceleration of protons and deuterons to keV energies with a soft-x-ray laser

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About