Damage suppression in CFRP laminates using embedded shape memory alloy foils

Impact damage resistance and damage suppression properties of shape memory alloys in hybrid composites—a review

“…When a pre-strained SMA fiber or foil embedded in the laminate is heated, it tends to shrink to its original shape and to instantaneously generate recovery compressive forces along the pre-strained direction in the composite matrix, which are effective at suppressing the initiation and growth of transverse cracks [42][43][44]. This compressive force is generated by the martensitic phase transformation from the SIM phase to the austenite phase.…”

“…Amano et al [42,43] also treated the SMA foils with a 10% NaOH anodic oxidation in order to improve the adhesion performance of the epoxy resin. The same authors [44] cleaned and roughened with 3% fluoride acid-15% nitric acid the SMA (NiTi) foils in order to remove the oxide film created when the material was mechanically rolled. The SMA foils were also cleaned using a solvent when the laminates were manufactured.…”

“…The SMA foils were also cleaned using a solvent when the laminates were manufactured. Amano et al [42,43] and Ogisu et al [44,45] used an epoxy adhesive film to increase the adhesion between the CFRP laminate and SMA (TiNi) foils. In Jang and Kishi [58] the surfaces of the SMA (TiNi) wires were chemically etched for 10 min in 3% HF + 15% HNO 3 solution in order to obtain strong adhesion between the SMA wires and a CFRP matrix.…”

Force-displacement characteristics of simply supported beam laminated with shape memory alloys

“…They have been widely applied in mechanical engineering, civil engineering, aerospace engineering and so on [1][2][3][4][5][6]. At present, in the static and dynamic analysis of engineering structure, research on SMA composite structure mainly involves active and passive control of the deformation, vibration and noise of the beam and shell structure, of which the main composite structures adopted are: (1) SMA films are laminated with a substrate [6][7][8][9][10]; (2) SMA wires and alloying pellets are embedded into a substrate [11,12]; (3) SMA fiber woven layer composite structures [13]. For the first laminated structure, the SMA is usually used as a surface, while the other elastic material is used as a substrate.…”

On the transformation toughening of a crack along an interface between a shape memory alloy and an isotropic medium

“…These are usually called active laminates, since the SMA fibers or layers may assist in controlling the bending, buckling or post-buckling behavior of the composite. There are numerous studies in which new concepts are employed to model the behavior of these composites (see, for example, Wei et al, 1997Wei et al, , 1998Lagoudas et al, 1997;Su et al, 1999;Gall et al, 2000;Thompson and Loughlan, 2000;Lee et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2004;Ogisu et al, 2004;Shimamoto et al, 2004;Aboudi, 2004, 2006;Taketa et al, 2005;Kimura et al, 2006;Aboudi and Freed, 2006;Freed and Aboudi, 2008).…”