Damage detection of concrete masonry structures by enhancing deformation measurement using DIC

Abstract

This study focuses on deformability and damage detection of a concrete masonry wall. It employed point-to-point traditional strain gages and full-field measurement technique using digital image correlation (DIC) to investigate the damage and deformability of a partially grouted (PG) reinforced masonry wall. A set of ungrouted and grouted assemblages and full-scale concrete masonry shear wall were constructed and tested under displacement control loading. The wall was constructed according with masonry standards joint committee (MSJC 2013) and tested under constant vertical compression load and horizontal lateral load using quasi-static displacement procedure. The DIC method was used to determine non-uniform strain contours on the assemblages. This method was verified by comparing strains along the selected directions with traditional TML gage results. After a successful comparison, the method was used to investigate the state of damage and deformability of the wall specimen. Panel deformation, crack pattern, displacement at the top, and the base strain of the wall were captured using full-field measurement and results were in a good agreement with traditional strain gages. It is concluded that full-filed measurements using DIC is promising especially when the test specimens experience inelastic deformation and high degree of damage. The ability to characterize and anticipate failure mechanisms of concrete masonry systems by depicting strain distribution, categorizing structural cracks and investigating their effects on the behavior of the wall were also shown using DIC. In addition to monitoring strains across the gage length, the DIC method provided full-field strain behavior of the test specimens and revealed strain hotspots at locations that corresponded to failure.

A Digital Image Correlation Technique for Laboratory Structural Tests and Applications: A Systematic Literature Review

“…It is evident from Figure 3 that as camera resolution improves, there is an observable increase in the size of the areas investigated during the DIC structural testing of masonry walls and slabs. It is worth noting that these tests utilizing DIC were not feasible until recently [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The enhancement of camera resolution has significantly broadened the applicability of digital image correlation (DIC), not only facilitating its use for larger specimens but also extending its utility regarding small and micro-scale specimens.…”

An algorithm for structural health monitoring by digital image correlation: Proof of concept and case study

“…The simplest methods seek to detect large strains due to crack-induced displacement jumps. They have been extended to several fields such as masonry [29], composite materials [30] or renewable energies [31]. However, such methods may exhibit poor robustness because, as for contour detection, threshold levels are difficult to estimate, especially if the structure is subjected to multiaxial loadings.…”

In situ monitoring of particle fracture in aluminium alloys

“…6,7,10,16,20,[32][33][34][35][36][37] The AE method at the scale of microstructural observations has been used by the authors to identify the onset of visible crack formation in Al 2024-T3 10 as well as the activation of twinning in Magnesium alloys. 45,50 Furthermore, the authors of this article investigated strain localizations resulting from microstructural changes in magnesium AZ31 alloys and were directly correlated with twin formation. This remark was further substantiated by comparing the AE obtained from tension of Al 2024 with that from a higher purity Al 2124 with fewer particles.…”

“…41,42 In fact, the technique has been shown to be scale and material independent demonstrating strain localizations while testing metals, 38,[43][44][45][46][47] composites, 48,49 and large scale structures. 45,50 Furthermore, the authors of this article investigated strain localizations resulting from microstructural changes in magnesium AZ31 alloys and were directly correlated with twin formation. 32,38,51 Additionally, recent advances in imaging speed have allowed for the extension of such full field measurement to high strain rates 44,46 and blast loadings.…”