Damage characteristics and failure modes of concrete gravity dams subjected to penetration and explosion

Shu, Yizhan; Wang, Gaohui; Lu, Wenbo; Chen, Ming; Lv, Linmei; Chen, Yeqing

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106030

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…More complexly, as a typical protective structure, composite concrete structures must withstand various modes of damage, such as combined penetration and explosion damage. Due to the complexity of penetration and explosion mechanisms, current research has mostly focused on single-type damage from penetration or explosion [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Response Characteristics of Composite Concrete Structures Subjected to Reactive Jet Impact

Su,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Composite concrete structures, commonly found in urban infrastructures, such as highways and runways, are pivotal research object in the protection field. To study the dynamic response of composite concrete structures subjected to reactive jet penetration coupled with an explosive effect, a full-scale damage experiment of composite structures under the action of 150 mm caliber shaped charges was performed, to derive the dynamic damage modes of different concrete thicknesses under the combined kinetic and chemical energy damage effects. The results indicated that under aluminum jet penetration, concrete layers exhibited minor funnel craters and penetration holes. However, concrete layers displayed a variety of damage modes, including central penetration holes, funnel craters, bulges, and radial/circumferential cracks when subjected to the PTFE/Al jet. The area of the funnel crater expanded as the thickness of the concrete increased, while the height of the bulge and the number of radial cracks decreased. The diameter of penetration holes increased by 76.9% and the area of funnel crater increased by 578% in comparison to Al jet penetration damage. A modified-RHT concrete model that reflected concrete tensile failure was established, utilizing AUTODYN. Segmented numerical simulations of damage behavior were performed using the FEM-SPH algorithm and a restart approach combined with reactive jet characteristics. The spatial distribution characteristic of the reactive jet and the relationship between kinetic penetration and explosion-enhanced damage were obtained by the simulation, which showed good concordance with the experimental results. This study provides important reference data and a theoretical basis for the design of composite concrete structures to resist penetration and explosion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Response Characteristics of Composite Concrete Structures Subjected to Reactive Jet Impact

Su,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Buildings

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“…These seriously affect researchersŠ ability to observe and analyze jets, shock waves, projectiles, and targets during explosions and impacts. Therefore, these problems are usually studied by using numerical simulation methods [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . With the development of numerical simulation technology, in the study of explosion and impact problems, increasing attention has been given to the shape and the position of solid substances such as fragments, jets, steel bars and concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Volume Rendering Visualization Method Oriented to Explosion Field Features

Ning,

Zhao,

2024

Preprint

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To observe the deformation and the failure process of solid objects in explosion and impact simulations, the clarity and accuracy of simulation image representations should be ensured. However, in the results of three-dimensional (3D) explosion field rendering, surface confusion and blurred images of the microstructure often lead to misunderstandings of the simulation results. In this work, based on the ray casting method and the Blinn-Phong lighting model, a volume rendering method is proposed that can adapt to the characteristics of step changes in the explosion field data and satisfies the requirements of observing the microstructure. The Blinn-Phong lighting model is applied to the light and shade calculation of the resampling point, and the gradient of the resampling point is obtained via interpolation calculations; then, it is normalized to obtain the normal vector. When calculating the material color of the resampling point, the transfer function calculation is performed first; then, the interpolation calculation is performed. Finally, the opacity of the resampling point and the associated material color are substituted into the ray casting synthesis formula.In addition, several groups of examples of visual effects are analyzed from the subjective point of view of human visual effects and the objective points of view of image entropy, the meangradient, image mean and standard deviation. The results show that the new method addresses the problem of interface color confusion, improves the accuracy of microstructure rendering in solid media, increases the spatial sense of visual images, and satisfies the visualization requirements for explosion products and shock waves. At the same time, this approach effectively shortens the time for volume rendering of the explosion field.

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“…Research on the impact of hydrodynamic pressure on the dynamic behavior of dams first appeared in the 1930s (Zangar andHaefeli 1952, Zienkiewicz andNath 1963). Numerous researchers have used Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches (Altunisik and Sesli 2015, Calayir et al 1996, Kalateh 2019, Ouzandja et al 2017, Shu et al 2022, Wang et al 2020 to study the dynamic response of dam-reservoir systems. One of the most significant forces in the design of dams, hydrodynamic force, was treated as deterministic in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic analysis of Fractured Koyna Concrete Gravity Dam

Ouzandja¹,

Messaad

Berrabah

et al. 2023

Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics

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Seismic analysis of a fractured dam is a generally complex problem. This paper presents an earthquake behavior investigation of a fractured concrete gravity dam considering dam-reservoir--foundation rock interaction. The Koyna dam profile, located in India, is adopted in this study. The nonlinear finite element analyses are conducted taking into account empty and full reservoir cases, to exhibit the hydrodynamic e ect of reservoir water on the dam earthquake response. The hydrodynamic pressure is modeled by fluid finite elements based on a Lagrangian approach. Transient analyses take into account material and connection nonlinearity. Drucker-Prager model is employed in nonlinear analyses for the dam concrete and foundation rock. The structural crack between the top and bottom blocks of the dam is presented by surface-to-surface contact elements based on Coulomb’s friction law in order to simulate the behavior of contact joints and deformation of blocks. The distribution of horizontal displacements and principal stresses along the dam height is investigated for empty and full reservoir cases.The failure processes of two potential failure modes of cracked dam, i.e, the separation and sliding of top block during an earthquake, are examined.

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Damage characteristics and failure modes of concrete gravity dams subjected to penetration and explosion

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Dynamic Response Characteristics of Composite Concrete Structures Subjected to Reactive Jet Impact

Dynamic Response Characteristics of Composite Concrete Structures Subjected to Reactive Jet Impact

A Volume Rendering Visualization Method Oriented to Explosion Field Features

Seismic analysis of Fractured Koyna Concrete Gravity Dam

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