Damage and Recovery of Cranberry Vines from Exposure to Handheld Flame Cultivators

Ghantous, Katherine; Sandler, Hilary A.; Autio, Wesley R.; Jeranyama, Peter

doi:10.21273/hortsci.48.7.870

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Flame cultivation (FC) is a nonchemical method of weed control where target plants are damaged or eradicated by brief exposure to high temperature. Cranberry vines recovered after treatment with open flame (OF) or infrared (IR) torches [80]. Many of the target weeds can be controlled with glyphosate, but FC can be less expensive and used in organic situations, and cranberry vines can recover from treatment with FC, whereas glyphosate treatments are often lethal [81].…”

Section: Hand-held Flame Torchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Management in Cranberries: A Historical Perspective and a Look to the Future

Sandler

2018

Agriculture

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Integrated weed management (IWM) has been part of cranberry cultivation since its inception in the early 19th century. Proper site and cultivar selection, good drainage, rapid vine establishment, and hand weeding are as important now for successful weed management as when the industry first started. In 1940, Extension publications listed eight herbicides (e.g., petroleum-based products, inorganic salts and sulfates) for weed control. Currently, 18 herbicides representing 11 different modes of action are registered for use on cranberries. Nonchemical methods, such as hand weeding, sanding, flooding, and proper fertilization, remain integral for managing weed populations; new tactics such as flame cultivation have been added to the toolbox. Priority ratings have been developed to aid in weed management planning. Despite many efforts, biological control of weeds remains elusive on the commercial scale. Evaluation of new herbicides, unmanned aerial systems (UAS), image analysis, and precision agriculture technology; investigation of other management practices for weeds and their natural enemies; utilization of computational decision making and Big Data; and determination of the impact of climate change are research areas whose results will translate into new use recommendations for the weed control of cranberry.

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Section: Hand-held Flame Torchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Management in Cranberries: A Historical Perspective and a Look to the Future

Sandler

2018

Agriculture

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Hand-held Flame Cultivators for Spot Treatment Control of Soft Rush (Juncus effusus)

Ghantous

Sandler

2015

Weed technol.

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Soft rush is a perennial plant found in or along water ditches on cranberry farms that can impede drainage as well as water movement within production areas, and can easily spread into production areas. Established tussocks are not substantially affected by chemical controls and proximity to water resources limits herbicide application. The efficacy of flame cultivation (FC) with hand-held tools is being evaluated for efficacy to manage perennial weeds in cranberry production. Two separate studies were conducted on a Massachusetts cranberry farm to evaluate the effectiveness of FC for rush control. A single exposure was made in June with an open flame (OF), infrared (IR), or infrared with a metal spike (IRS) FC tool at four different exposure durations. Stem number, biomass, and percentage flowering stems decreased linearly for plants treated with the IR torch. For plants treated with OF, the number of stems decreased linearly, while biomass and percentage flowering stems decreased quadratically as exposure duration increased. Although IR reduced rush growth, OF required shorter exposure durations (8 s versus 60 s) to achieve similar results. The IRS tool was not effective for controlling rushes. A second study compared the efficacy of a single clipping event, a single, medium exposure of OF, OF immediately followed by (fb) clipping, or clipping immediately fb OF. All treatments reduced the mean number of stems, biomass and percentage of flowering stems per tussock compared to the nontreated control but the clipping fb FC treatment reduced the number of stems more than clipping alone. Future experiments on FC use for rush control in cranberry production should explore potential improvement with multiple treatments within a single season as well as repeated annual applications of treatments.

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Effects of Timing and Frequency of Flame Cultivation for Dewberry Control

Ghantous

Sandler²

2016

Weed technol.

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Flame cultivation (FC) uses brief exposures of high temperature to control weeds. Three sites in southeastern Massachusetts with dewberry present were studied over a 2-yr period to determine if seasonal timing and frequency of exposure to FC would reduce dewberry stem length and biomass, both in the year of and the year following treatment, and also to evaluate whether FC treatments altered the ratio (sugar : starch) of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) in dewberry roots. Dewberry plants were treated with a 9-s exposure to an open-flame hand-held torch at seven different timing regimes (one application in June, July, or August or two applications in June/July, June/August, and July/August, or nontreated). After 1 yr, all treatments showed reduced aboveground dewberry biomass compared to nontreated plots. The timing and frequency of FC treatments were not significant when the weed was growing amongst cranberry vines, but were significant when weeds were treated in the absence of cranberry. Exposure to FC did not affect the ratio of NSC in roots in the year after treatment, indicating that the relative amounts allocated to each type of storage carbohydrate did not differ from nontreated plants, even though the overall amount allocated to root biomass was reduced.

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Damage and Recovery of Cranberry Vines from Exposure to Handheld Flame Cultivators

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Weed Management in Cranberries: A Historical Perspective and a Look to the Future

Weed Management in Cranberries: A Historical Perspective and a Look to the Future

Hand-held Flame Cultivators for Spot Treatment Control of Soft Rush (Juncus effusus)

Effects of Timing and Frequency of Flame Cultivation for Dewberry Control

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