Dam Failure Model to Predict Inundation Hazard Map for Emergency Plan

Abstract

The construction of dams can offer many advantages, but their failure could result in major damages, including loss of life and property destruction. The research aims to model dam failure for Mapping Hazard area including inundation height and arrival time. A key scenario for dam failure is partial breach of embankment dam: overtopping and piping. The overtopping shape modeling was simulated in triangle and trapezoidal shapes. The piping failure modeling is simulated as orifice with rectangular shape. This study was conducted by using the integration of hydraulic modeling, which used a numerical method with Navier-Stoke solver and Geographic Information System (GIS) to assess the risks that could be cause by any damages on Dam failure. Flow simulation of the dam break was performed by using ZhongXing HY-21 software and the results were mapped by using the GIS. The result of the research is overtopping failure was selected for the model with peak discharge maximum (Qmax) is 2089 m3 /sec. The fastest arrival time is 0.4 hours (24 minutes). Several villages catagorized as a high-risk area. This inundation hazard map is very important for emergency plan which determines the evacuation routes and coordination scheme with local disaster agency.