Dairy consumption and risk of falls in 2 European cohorts of older adults

Abstract

Background & aims: Some previous evidence have linked dairy products with greater muscle mass, bone mineral density and lower risk of osteoporosis. However, other authors have found a detrimental effect of milk on the risk of hip fracture. The aim of this study was to assess the prospective association between dairy consumption and risk of falls in older adults. Methods: We used data from 2 cohorts of community-dwellers aged ≥60y: the Seniors-ENRICA cohort with 2,981 individuals, and the UK Biobank cohort with 8,927 participants. In the Seniors-ENRICA, dairy consumption was assessed with a validated diet history in 2008-10, and falls were ascertained up to 2015. In the UK Biobank study, dairy consumption was obtained with 3-5 multiple-pass 24-h food records in 2006-10, and falls were assessed up to 2016.

Dairy consumption in adults in China: a systematic review

“…In terms of the individual dairy foods consumed, this review showed that milk was the largest contributor to dairy consumption in China, similar to other countries such as Australia [ 100 ] and Spain [ 101 ]. The present review also found that intake of yogurt was the second highest of dairy consumption, with younger and more educated consumers purchasing more yogurt than others [ 38 ].…”

Effect of Dairy Protein Intake on Muscle Mass among Korean Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

“…The authors of that study explained that the lack of such an observation suggests that even the lowest level of dairy protein intake (13.6 g/day) might have already maximally benefitted the muscle mass in this population. A recent European cohort study of community-dwellers aged ≥60 years also identified a null association between habitual dairy consumption and the risk of falling due to low muscle mass [ 21 ]. Another systematic review of 14 randomized controlled trials involving 883 adults aged 18–85 years reported that increased dairy consumption resulted in a greater gain in lean mass only in people administered energy-restricted diets [ 51 ].…”

“…Especially, increasing attention has focused on dairy foods, with evidence that essential amino acids play the predominant role in promoting positive muscle protein balance [ 7 ]. Although previous studies have suggested a beneficial role of dairy consumption with respect to some types of cancers [ 8 , 9 ], cardiovascular disease [ 10 ], metabolic syndrome [ 11 , 12 ], cognitive ability [ 13 , 14 ], bone density [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], disability [ 20 ], and fracture [ 21 ], the role of dairy consumption in preventing muscle mass loss has not been fully investigated. Further, most previous studies were randomized controlled trials focused on milk protein supplementation in combination with resistance training [ 22 ]; community-based observational studies, in particular, are lacking and those that have been published reported inconsistent results.…”

“…However, dairy products are generally not included in the traditional Korean diet that is mainly composed of rice and vegetables [ 35 , 36 ]. As a result, the average individual milk consumption in Korea, 60 g/day [ 36 ], is lower than those reported in Western countries such as Sweden (240 g/day) [ 37 ] and Spain (206 g/day) [ 21 ]. In addition, a recent study in an elderly Korean population revealed that the main sources of dietary protein in the group with the lowest tertile of protein intake were rice and other grains (41.8% in men and 44.1% in women) [ 38 ].…”