Daily rhythm of serum melatonin levels and effect of light exposure in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

Ohashi, Yutaka; Okamoto, Norio; Uchida, Katsuhisa; Iyo, Masaomi; Mori, Norio; Morita, Yukitomo

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00255-8

Cited by 113 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Dementia patients have been noted to have abnormalities in their rhythms of melatonin secretion. 47,48 This dysfunction has been noted not only in patients with clinical diagnosis of AD, 9 but confirmed after postmortem analysis. 49 Light therapy, given after the temperature nadir, may also be an appropriate treatment.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 56%

Differential Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Men with Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Degeneration

Harper¹,

Stopa²,

McKee³

et al. 2001

Arch Gen Psychiatry

216

111

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Background: Caregiver exhaustion is a frequent consequence of sleep disturbance and rest-activity rhythm disruption that occurs in dementia. This exhaustion is the causal factor most frequently cited by caregivers in making the decision to institutionalize patients with dementia. Recent studies have implicated dysfunction of the circadian pacemaker in the etiology of these disturbances in dementia.

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 56%

Differential Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Men with Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Degeneration

Harper¹,

Stopa²,

McKee³

et al. 2001

Arch Gen Psychiatry

216

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Studies of melatonin levels in AD patients reveal that they are lower in AD patients compared to age matched controls [73][74][75][76]. Decreased CSF melatonin levels in AD patients were attributed to decreased melatonin production rather than to diluting effects of CSF.…”

Section: Melatonin Levels In Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on the Neuroprotective Role of Melatonin

Srinivasan¹

2012

J Neurol Res

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive loss of memory and cognitive function, and by behavioural and sleep disturbances, including insomnia. The pathophysiology of AD has been attributed to oxidative stress-induced amyloid-β protein (Aβ) deposition. Abnormal tau protein, mitochondrial dysfunction and protein hyper-phosphorylation have been demonstrated in neural tissues of AD patients. AD patients exhibit severe sleep-wake disturbances and these sleep disturbances are associated with rapid cognitive decline and memory impairment. Optimally effective management of AD patients will likely require a drug that can arrest Aβ -induced neurotoxic effects and can also restore the disturbed sleep-wake rhythm, with improvement in sleep quality. In this context, the pineal hormone melatonin has been demonstrated to be an effective antioxidant that can prevent Aβ -induced neurotoxic effects through a variety of mechanisms. Sleep deprivation itself produces many effects including oxidative damage, impaired mitochondrial function, neurodegenerative inflammation, altered proteosomal processing and abnormal activation of enzymes. In addition to treating the signs and symptoms of AD, treatment of sleep disturbances may also be necessary for preventing and arresting AD progression. Besides melatonin, a number of melatonergic agonists such as ramelteon, agomelatine and tasimelteon are now used clinically for treating insomnia and other sleep disorders. Their use may also be beneficial in treating Alzheimer's disease.

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“…A number of studies have revealed that melatonin levels are lower in AD patients as compared to age-matched control subjects (Mishima et al 1999 ;Skene et al 1990 ;Ohashi et al 1999 ;Liu et al 1999 ). The decreased CSF melatonin levels of AD patients were attributed to a decreased melatonin production.…”

Section: Clinical Aspects Of Melatonin Application In Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutical Implications of Melatonin in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases

Cardinali

Vigo

Olivar

et al. 2015

Molecular and Integrative Toxicology

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Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are major health problems, and a growing recognition exists that efforts to prevent them must be undertaken by both governmental and nongovernmental organizations. In this context, the pineal product melatonin has a promising signifi cance because of its chronobiotic/cytoprotective properties. One of the features of advancing age is the gradual decrease in endogenous melatonin synthesis. A limited number of therapeutic trials have indicated that melatonin has a potential therapeutic value as a neuroprotective drug in the treatment of AD, minimal cognitive impairment (which may evolve to AD), and PD. Both in vitro and in vivo, melatonin prevented the neurodegeneration seen in experimental models of AD and PD. For these effects to occur, doses of melatonin about two orders of magnitude higher than those required to affect sleep and circadian rhythmicity are needed. More recently, attention has been focused on the development of potent melatonin analogs with prolonged effects which were employed in clinical trials in sleep-disturbed or depressed patients in doses considerably higher than those employed for melatonin. In view that the relative potencies of the analogs are higher than that of the natural compound, clinical trials employing melatonin in the range of 50-100 mg/day are needed to assess its therapeutic validity in neurodegenerative disorders.

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Daily rhythm of serum melatonin levels and effect of light exposure in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

Abstract: The high levels of melatonin in the daytime associated with a lack of response to light exposure in AD patients may be due to the neurodegenerative process of this disease.

Cited by 113 publications

References 28 publications

Differential Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Men with Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Degeneration

Differential Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Men with Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Degeneration

Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on the Neuroprotective Role of Melatonin

Therapeutical Implications of Melatonin in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases

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