Daily Heterosexist Experiences in LGBTQ+ Adults from Spain: Measurement, Prevalence, and Clinical Implications

Ronzón-Tirado, Román; Charak, Ruby; Cano-Gonzalez, Ines

doi:10.5093/pi2022a15

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Items were coded as present (1) (options 1–5) and absent (0) to calculate total scores (Balsam et al, 2013). Preliminary results on our sample indicated that the translated version of DHEQ has a good factor structures and predictive validity when associated with mental health outcomes (Ronzón-Tirado et al, 2023). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the six dimensions of the DHEQ scale (Ronzón-Tirado et al, 2023).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Preliminary results on our sample indicated that the translated version of DHEQ has a good factor structures and predictive validity when associated with mental health outcomes (Ronzón-Tirado et al, 2023). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the six dimensions of the DHEQ scale (Ronzón-Tirado et al, 2023). In this sample, acceptable internal consistency was found for each subscale (ranged α = .69–.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.63–0.75] to [0.75–0.84]) and total score (α = .91, 95% CI = [0.89–0.93]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The present study examined the role of ICD-11 PTSD and DSO on the associations between cumulative cisheterosexism and suicide intent among trauma-exposed LGBTQ+ adults from Spain. Although not hypothesized, most of the participants indicated having had at least one experience of cisheterosexism during the past 12 months (percentages across the subscales ranged from 73.1% to 99.6%, see Ronzón-Tirado et al, 2023). Findings are congruent with prior studies indicating that daily cisheterosexism experiences are common among LGBTQ+ individuals (Balsam et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The role of complex posttraumatic stress disorder in the associations between minority stressors and self-reported suicide likelihood in LGBTQ+ adults.

Cano-Gonzalez,

Charak,

Ronzón-Tirado

et al. 2023

Traumatology

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Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer individuals (LGBTQ+) report higher rates of suicide-related behaviors when compared to heterosexual cisgender individuals. The minority stress theory proposes that the suicide risk disparities among LGBTQ+ individuals may be explained by the additional exposure to stressors unique to their minority sexual orientation and gender identity. However, less is known about the mechanism of minority stressors and suicide risk among trauma-exposed LGBTQ+ individuals. The present study aimed to explore the role of the International Classification of Diseases, version-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (disturbances in self-organization [DSO] + PTSD) in the associations between minority stressors and suicide intent in a sample of 229 trauma-exposed LGBTQ+ adults from Spain. Mediation analyses were conducted in Mplus 8.4 to test the impact of PTSD and DSO on the association between minority stressors and the self-reported likelihood of suicide intent. Results indicated that the cumulative daily cisheterosexist experiences had an impact on the likelihood of suicide intent through DSO. Specifically, gender expression-related harassment, and isolation due to sexual/gender identity increased the DSO symptoms, which, in turn, increased the likelihood of suicide behavior. Exploring minority stressors and targeting the components related to DSO, such as negative self-concept, affective dysregulation, and disturbances in relationships, may help clinicians in improving interventions aimed at reducing suicide-related behaviors in LGBTQ+ adults.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The role of complex posttraumatic stress disorder in the associations between minority stressors and self-reported suicide likelihood in LGBTQ+ adults.

Cano-Gonzalez,

Charak,

Ronzón-Tirado

et al. 2023

Traumatology

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“…In general, these problems diminish in countries where there are public policies of inclusion and diversity for sexual minorities (Aivadyan et al, 2023). Although studies from different parts of the world have shown a higher prevalence of suicidal behaviour in sexual minorities compared to other populations (Pharr et al, 2022), it is worth noting that in Spain the exact rate of suicide in the LGBTQ + population is unknown (Ronzón-Tirado et al, 2023). Mortality registries collect age, sex, race, and other personal characteristics of the individual, but do not include information on sexual orientation or gender identity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Factors for Suicidal Behaviour in Adults Self-reported as LGBTQ+: A Study Based on Modulating Variables

Sánchez-Teruel,

Singh,

Sánchez-Barrera

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background This study aims to identify factors that modulate resilience in LGBTQ + individuals with a history of suicide attempts and reattempts. The researchers hypothesize that positive mental health and various internal and external protective factors will predict suicide resilience in this population. Method 112 LGBTQ + Spanish people (60.7% self-reported as female, 34.8% as male, and 4.5% did not identify their gender) aged 18–41 years with self-harm or previous suicide attempts completed several questionnaires measuring variables such as self-efficacy, emotion regulation, social support, entrapment, anxiety, depression, positive mental health, and resilience. Results Regarding the protective variables most predictive of resilience, it was found that social support, positive mental health, and emotional regulation were vital and to a lesser extent, self-efficacy expectations for coping with stressful or adverse situations. In addition, the path analyses revealed distinct profiles of modulated categorical variables in LGTBQ + individuals who had attempted suicide once or who had attempted suicide two or more times. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of addressing protective factors, such as social support and positive mental health, in promoting resilience and reducing suicide risk among LGBTQ + individuals.

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“…Studies indicate that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and asexual people (LGBTQA) experience discrimination, victimization, and stigmatization because of their gender and sexual identity, a primary source of minority stress [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. According to the minority stress model [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], chronic minority stress leads to several somatic and psychiatric health issues in the minority population [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Minority Stress and Depressive Symptoms in the LGBTQA Population from Poland

Cisek

Rogowska

2023

EJIHPE

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The cross-sectional study examines minority stress and depression symptoms regarding various sexual and gender minority (SGM) identities in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and asexual (LGBTQA) individuals from Poland. The online survey was conducted among 509 people. Participants aged between 18 and 47 (M = 22.39, SD = 4.78). Gender identity included 262 cisgender women, 74 cisgender men, 31 transgender women, 53 transgender men, and 89 nonbinary individuals. Sexual identity comprises 197 bisexual, 150 homosexual, 78 pansexual, 33 asexual, 21 undefined, 14 heterosexual, 9 demisexuals, 6 queer, and 1 sapiosexual individual. The Daily Heterosexist Experiences Questionnaire (DHEQ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale—Revised (CESD-R) were used to measure minority stress and depression symptoms, respectively. Among LGBTQA participants, 99.80% declared minority stress at least once during the past year. In particular, vicarious trauma was experienced in 99.80% of participants, vigilance in 95.87%, harassment and discrimination in 80.35%, stress related to the family of origin in 69.16%, and to gender expression in 68.76% of respondents. Depression symptoms were found in 62.50% of respondents. Significantly higher rates of depression and minority stress were presented in dual than single SGM individuals. Binomial logistic regression showed that such sources of minority stress as vigilance, harassment, and gender expression could predict depression symptoms. Therefore, prevention and intervention programs should be designed for the LGBTQA population focusing on coping with these sources of minority stress, especially among those of dual SGM identity.

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Daily Heterosexist Experiences in LGBTQ+ Adults from Spain: Measurement, Prevalence, and Clinical Implications

Cited by 8 publications

References 55 publications

The role of complex posttraumatic stress disorder in the associations between minority stressors and self-reported suicide likelihood in LGBTQ+ adults.

The role of complex posttraumatic stress disorder in the associations between minority stressors and self-reported suicide likelihood in LGBTQ+ adults.

Protective Factors for Suicidal Behaviour in Adults Self-reported as LGBTQ+: A Study Based on Modulating Variables

The Relationship between Minority Stress and Depressive Symptoms in the LGBTQA Population from Poland

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