Daily demands in primary care: the view of health professionals and users

Abstract

ABSTRACT:In this qualitative case study based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life, the aim was to describe the daily situations that require the use of health services from the perspectives of health care professionals and users. We interviewed 15 professionals and 17 users at three Family Health Team units in a city in the State of Minas Gerais State, using a script with open questions. The data were subject to content analysis. It was shown that the demands result from a combination of the population's social, individual and cultural factors. Care is delivered based on the users' spontaneous and, for the professionals, usually, the users are interested in a consultation, generally medical, including referral to specialists and free distribution of medicines. These findings indicate that health care needs to transcend the biological body and understand other dimensions that comprise the users' daily lives in search of problem solving. DESCRIPTORS: LAS DEMANDAS DIARIAS DE ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA EN LA SALUD: LA MIRADA DE PROFESIONALES Y USUARIOS RESUMEN:Este es un caso de estudio cualitativo basado en la Sociología Comprensiva de la vida cotidiana cuyo objetivo fue describir las situaciones cotidianas que requieren el uso de los servicios de salud desde la perspectiva de los usuarios y los profesionales de la salud. Se entrevistó a 15 profesionales y 17 usuarios de las tres unidades del Equipo de Salud de la Familia en un municipio del Estado de Minas Gerais a partir de un guión de preguntas abiertas. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de contenido. Se encontró que las demandas resultan de la combinación de factores sociales, individuales y culturales prevalecientes en la población. Las sesiones tienen lugar a partir de la demanda espontánea de los usuarios y para los profesionales, el interés que se presenta es una consulta, por lo general médica, con la derivación a los especialistas y la distribución gratuita de medicamentos. Estos resultados indican que el cuidado de la salud debe ir más allá del cuerpo biológico y comprender otras dimensiones que conforman la vida cotidiana de los usuarios en la búsqueda de la solución de problemas.

Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program: Narratives, Changes and Limits

“…14 It is necessary to overcome traditional practice, centered on the exclusivity of the biological dimension, in order to expand listening and reconsider the human perspective in the interaction between professionals health and users. 18…”

Evaluation of the use of services provided by emergency care units in a Brazilian municipality

“…The culture of immediacy, in other words the promptness of obtaining a sameday appointment in the UPA, linked to problems with organizational accessibility in the UBS, represented by obstacles in the form of the organization of healthcare resources, the delay in obtaining an appointment, the lack of doctors, waiting times for treatment in the clinics and for carrying out laboratory examinations, reported by 36% of volunteers, prompts the population to head for the emergency units, even when simple solutions are required, thereby overloading the systems of medium complexity 11,[14][15]21 .…”

“…The sample to be interviewed, by UPA, was calculated taking into account the finite population of 10,500 adult appointments per month, a frequency of 70% of non-relevant treatments, according to data obtained from the review of the literature, confirmed in the pilot phase 3,11 , a confidence interval of 95% and margin of error of 10%. A 20% rate of non-response was added to this value, hence a sample size of 195 participants per UPA.…”

“…The health services should be organized so that primary care assumes the role of reorganizing the system into a conjoined, integrated network 3,11 . Given this perspective, the UPA's mission is that of attending with due competence to urgent and emergency cases, prioritizing care by way of acceptance via classification of risk, based on the identification of users that need immediate treatment, according to the potential health risks and complications 3 .…”

Acolhimento com classificação de risco para a Estratégia Saúde da Família: a prática em uma unidade docente-assistencial

“…O cotidiano das equipes é, entretanto, marcado pela busca de soluções para problemas interpretados como urgências/emergências pelos usuários e suas famílias, gerando discordâncias e conflitos entre estes e as equipes ou mesmo entre os diferentes profissionais. 6 O dilema então posto é como organizar o processo de trabalho da ESF de modo a lidar adequadamente com as situações emergentes da demanda espontânea sem que esta absorva recursos e tempo necessários para a construção de um espaço dedicado à demanda programada no processo de trabalho dos profissionais da APS, pois a capacidade de gerenciar retornos permite utilizar a demora permitida de modo eficiente, contribuindo para estabelecer vínculos a partir da longitudinalidade das ações assistenciais.…”