Daily course of activity and subcutaneous body temperature in hungry and thirsty rats

Bolles, Robert C.; Duncan, Perry M.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(69)90018-3

Cited by 57 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several trials have been reported which describe some general physiological changes associated with feed and water deprivation in laboratory animals. McFarland and Wright (1969) in research with doves and Campbell and Lynch (1968) and Bolles and Duncan (1969) in research with rats found that feed and water deprivation lowered body temperature; feed deprivation appeared to have a more marked effect than water deprivation. Sullivan et al (1969) found that feed deprivation reduced heart rate of pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cardiorespiratory Patterns, Rectal Temperature, Serum Electrolytes and Packed Cell Volume in Beef Cattle Deprived of Feed and Water

Rumsey¹,

Bond²

1976

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two trials were conducted with a total of 12 beef heifers and steers to determine the effect of 48-hr deprivation of feed or water or both on rectal temperature, respiratory and heart rates, electrocardiograph (EKG) patterns, packed cell volume (PCV) and the concentrations of serum sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The same measurements plus the serum concentration of total acid-soluble phosphorus were made in a third trial with six steers and a 96-hr deprivation period. A fourth trial was conducted with three rumen fistulated steers to determine the effect of manually emptying the rumen on EKG patterns, Deprivation of feed or water or both for 96 hr reduced (P<.05) rectal temperature by 1.5% and respiratory rate by 47% and increased (P<.05) P and R EKG amplitudes by 33% and 35%, respectively, PCB by 21% and serum phosphorus by 43%. Deprivation reduced heart rate 19% and increased serum sodium and potassium 12 and 23%, respectively, but these changes were not significant. These changes appeared smaller and less consistent for animals deprived for 48 hours. The physiological changes associated with both 48-hr and 96-hr deprivation were most pronounced during the deprivation period and for 24 hr after reintroduction of feed and water with little evidence of treatment effects 48 hr after the reintroduction of feed and water. For animals deprived 96 hr, changes in respiratory rate (P<.01), PCV (P~.05) and serum phosphorus (P<.05) were greater for the animals fed concentrate than for those fed in obtaining the physiological measurements in these trials.forage; changes in heart rate and the P-R and T-P EKG intervals tended to be greater for the animals deprived of both feed and water than for animals deprived of feed or water alone. Manually emptying the rumen had little effect on EKG patterns. In the absence of engorgement after a deprivation period as long as 96 hr, the measurements in this study indicated that beef cattle return quickly to a physiologically normal state. (

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cardiorespiratory Patterns, Rectal Temperature, Serum Electrolytes and Packed Cell Volume in Beef Cattle Deprived of Feed and Water

Rumsey¹,

Bond²

1976

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, humans and animals fed small meals at regular intervals throughout the day nonetheless exhibit clear CRTs (172, 180,205,325,326). Furthermore, animals and humans fed no meal at all (that is, subjected to total food deprivation) still show daily rhythmicity in body temperature (24,156,188,202,219,230,237,(327)(328)(329). An example is provided in Figure 4.…”

Section: Food Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The circadian rhythm of body temperature

Refinetti¹

2010

Front Biosci

230

173

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article reviews the literature on the circadian rhythm of body temperature. It starts with a description of the typical pattern of oscillation under standard laboratory conditions, with consideration being given to intra- and interspecies differences. It then addresses the influence of environmental factors (principally ambient temperature and food availability) and biological factors (including locomotor activity, maturation and aging, body size, and reproductive state). A discussion of the interplay of rhythmicity and homeostasis (including both regulatory and heat-exchange processes) is followed by concluding remarks.

show abstract

“…There is substantial evidence to support the following conclusions: (1) rats become active on a daily basis in anticipation of the time of limited daily food availability, regardless of its relation to the illumination cycle; (2) rats can anticipate 24-hr restriction schedules but not 19-or 29-hr schedules (Bolles and Stokes, 1965); (3) they can anticipate more than one restriction phase per day (Bolles and Moot, 1973); and (4) normal nocturnal entrainment (in LD) or a freerun (in LL) of activity may coexist with anticipatory activity accompanying the restricted feeding or drinking phase (Bolles and Duncan, 1969;Bolles and Moot, 1973;Panksepp and Krost, 1975;Moore and Ziegler, 1978;Boulos, Rosenwasser, and Terman, 1980). These results fall short of establishing that cycles of food availability entrain circadian rhythms as do cycles of illumination.…”

Section: Food and Water Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebrate Behavioral Rhythms

Rusak

1981

Biological Rhythms

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTIONInterest in rhythms of animal behavior derives from the recognition that the biological value of a behavior depends as much on when it occurs as on the particular form it takes (see Enright, 1970, and Chapter 15). It follows that a meaningful ethogram of any ~pecies should describe both species-typical motor patterns and species-typical timing of behavior. This chapter surveys the variety of behavioral rhythms that have been studied and the range of species in which they have been described.There are several problems with most of the available descriptions of behavioral rhythmicity. One is analogous to a classical problem in descriptive ethology: that of determining appropriate units of analysis. Ethologists have recognized that significant features of behavior, such as the degree of apparent stereotypy, are to a large extent determined by the temporal and spatial resolution of the recording procedure (Barlow, 1968). Reports of behavioral rhythms have generally ignored this issue and have included data that are grouped in a great variety of ways across hours, days, and individuals. The temporal resolution of such behavioral recording can determine whether particular rhythms are detected and what their apparent characteristics are. A simple example is that recording only the degree of "nocturnality" of a behavior may lead to the erroneous conclusion that a rhythm has been lost when only its phase relation to the light cycle has changed.In other situations the appropriateness of particular units of analysis is more ambiguous. In a field study of monkey troops (Nilgiri langurs, Presby tis johnii), Horwich (1976) recorded hourly means of feeding and calling averaged over several days; the data obtained showed clear dawn and dusk peaks, especially of feeding. However, a finer-grained analysis of individual troops during a single day revealed previously undetected ultradian behavioral cycles. Horwich concluded that the presence of significantly different individual (or troop) patterns and day-to-day variations can be obscured by grouping data across individuals and over days in search of the population mean. But the most detailed analysis is not always the best, since excessive attention to detail and individual differences can obscure biologically significant population trends and prevent the formulation of meaningful generalizations.In order to choose among these possible descriptive strategies, it is useful first to identify some of the sources of behavioral variability among individuals and across time. If individual variability is generated as the sum of independent, stochastic determinants, then the average pattern in the population will also be the modal (i.e., most common) pattern. But if individual variability reflects the presence of naturally separate subpopulations, then the "species-typical pattern" may have little biological meaning. To take an extreme example, a bimodal activity pattern in a population might result from one subpopulation's preying on dawn-active species and another's utilizin...

show abstract

Daily course of activity and subcutaneous body temperature in hungry and thirsty rats

Cited by 57 publications

References 4 publications

Cardiorespiratory Patterns, Rectal Temperature, Serum Electrolytes and Packed Cell Volume in Beef Cattle Deprived of Feed and Water

Cardiorespiratory Patterns, Rectal Temperature, Serum Electrolytes and Packed Cell Volume in Beef Cattle Deprived of Feed and Water

The circadian rhythm of body temperature

Vertebrate Behavioral Rhythms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About