Daily consumption of monoglucosyl-rutin prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity by suppressing gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in mice

Abstract

Citation: Yokoyama D., Tanaka W., Hashizune Y., Tandia M., Sakono M., Shimoi K., Sakakibara H. Daily consumption of monoglucosyl-rutin prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity by suppressing gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in mice. ABSTRACTBackground: Alpha monoglucosyl-rutin (4 G -α-D-glucopyranosyl rutin, αMR) has been shown to stimulate antioxidant defenses and anti-glycation. We evaluated the effects of αMR on body weight gain in mice. Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: Control low-fat diet, low-fat Page 354 of 371 diet + 0.5% αMR, high-fat diet, and high-fat diet + 0.5% αMR. Blood chemistry, hepatic lipids, and serum metabolic hormones and cytokines were evaluated after 4 and 13 weeks.Results: After 6 weeks, the high-fat diet group gained more weight than the low-fat diet group. Supplementing the high-fat diet with αMR suppressed weight gain by week 13.Visceral fat weight was higher in the high-fat diet group on weeks 4 and 13, while αMR supplementation inhibited increase on week 13 but not on week 4. Serum levels of gastric inhibitory polypeptide were higher in the high-fat-diet group than in the low-fat-diet group.αMR supplementation inhibited this elevation and regulated levels of serum leptin and hepatic triglycerides. Conclusion:For the first time, we demonstrated how daily consumption of αMR inhibits diet-induced visceral fat accumulation by regulating the secretion of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, which thereby prevents excess weight gain. Therefore, αMR may be a promising potential functional food. BACKGROUNDThe analysis of life insurance data reveals how obesity is associated with increased death rates, as obesity involves highly elevated risks of adverse health outcomes such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease [1,2]. Obesity can be categorized either as total obesity (body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2 ) and severe obesity (body mass index ≥ 30.0 kg/m 2 ).The prevalence of obesity worldwide has been estimated to reach 18% for men and surpass 21% for women by 2025, with severe obesity surpassing 6% in men and 9% in women in developed countries [3]. The economic burden of obesity-related diseases has been estimated to be around $48-66 billion/year in the US and £1.9-2 billion/year in the UK by 2030 [4]. Therefore, prevention of excess body weight gain and obesity is a high research priority.Weight gain results from a chronic positive energy balance, occurring when energy expenditure is lower than energy intake. Consequently, management of daily food αMR, α-monoglucosyl rutin; LFD, low-fat diet (control); HFD, high-fat diet. 1 Energy values were calculated using Atwater factors; 4 kcal/g for soluble nitrogen-free products and crude protein, and 9 kcal/g for crude lipid.

The reduction impact of monoglucosyl rutin on abdominal visceral fat: A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, parallel‐group

“…(2018) found that MR intake suppressed the increase of GIP caused by a high‐fat diet. They also considered that the suppression of weight gain via MR intake was related to GIP (Yokoyama et al., 2018). Therefore, it is presumed that the reduction in the AVF area confirmed in this study was related to an increase in energy consumption through activation of brown adipocytes and suppression of adipocyte energy accumulation due to the suppression of GIP hypersecretion.…”

“…In a study using mice, Yokoyama et al. (2018) found that MR intake suppressed the increase of GIP caused by a high‐fat diet. They also considered that the suppression of weight gain via MR intake was related to GIP (Yokoyama et al., 2018).…”

“…Recent studies indicate that MR is able to prevent radiation‐induced DNA double‐strand breaks (Aizawa et al., 2018; Sunada et al., 2014) and the photodegradation of folic acid (Kadota et al., 2016). Yokoyama, Tanaka, Hashizume, and Tandia (2018) reported that MR improves high‐fat diet‐induced obesity in mice by suppressing the secretion of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). Furthermore, clinical studies have shown the beneficial effects of MR in a supplement blend (Seki, Oda, Shirakura, Sakaguchi, & Ueda, 2017) or with green tea (Nishimura et al., 2019) on obesity and VF, respectively.…”

Suitability of a 10% fat diet for use in time-restricted feeding experiments with C57BL/6 mice

“…Rodent models of obesity are frequently studied. The body mass of experimental rodents consuming ad libitum a high-energy diet, such as a high-fat diet, increases much faster than those of rodents consuming a low-energy diet [5].…”

“…The use of such diet-induced obesity models has led to the identification of many substances, such as resveratrol, capsaicin and quercetin glycosides, which can protect against excess body mass gain, and therefore obesity [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”