Daily and Seasonal Rhythms

Underwood, Herbert; Wassmer, Gary T.; Page, Terry L.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp130224

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 996 publications

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“…The seasonal cycles mold the phenology of insects through extreme temperatures, resource availability and competition, affecting population structure, mating, growth and development, among other factors (underWOOd et al, 1997). Even in subtropical regions, seasonal climate changes influence the foraging behavior of bees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can climate shape flight activity patterns of Plebeia remota Hymenoptera, Apidae)?

Hilário

Ribeiro

Imperatriz-Fonseca

2012

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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RESUMO. O clima pode moldar os padrões de atividade de voo de Plebeia remota (Hymenoptera, Apidae)? A atividade do voo de forrageiras de quatro colônias de Plebeia remota (Holmberg, 1903) foi simultaneamente registrada, de dezembro de 1998 a dezembro de 1999 por meio de um sistema automatizado constituído de fotocélulas e de um Controlador Lógico Programável (CLP). As colônias eram provenientes de duas regiões diferentes: Cunha, SP e Prudentópolis, PR, Brasil. A atividade de voo de P. remota foi influenciada por fatores climáticos diferentes em cada estação. No verão, as intensidades de correlações entre a atividade de voo e os fatores climáticos foram menores do que em outras estações. Durante o outono e o inverno, a radiação solar foi o fator que mais influenciou a atividade de voo, enquanto que na primavera, esta atividade foi influenciada principalmente pela temperatura. Exceto no verão, os mesmos fatores climáticos influenciaram igualmente a atividade de voo de todas as colônias. Não foi possível distinguir diferenças nas atividades de voo segundo as origens geográficas das colônias. Informação sobre as diferenças sazonais na atividade de voo de P. remota serão úteis para a predição de cenários de distribuição geográfica perante as mudanças climáticas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE.Abelhas sem ferrão, forrageamento, fatores climáticos, sazonalidade, distribuição geográfica. (Holmberg, 1903) was registered from December 1998 to December 1999, using an automated system (photocells and PLC system). The colonies originated from two different regions: Cunha, state of São Paulo, and Prudentópolis, state of Paraná, Brazil. Flight activity was influenced by different climatic factors in each season. In the summer, the intensity of the correlations between flight activity and climatic factors was smaller than in the other seasons. During the autumn and winter, solar radiation was the factor that most influenced flight activity, while in the spring, this activity was influenced mainly by temperature. Except in the summer, the various climatic factors similarly influenced flight activity of all of the colonies. Flight activity was not affected by geographic origin of the colonies. Information concerning seasonal differences in flight activity of P. remota will be useful for prediction of geographic distribution scenarios under climatic changes. ABSTRACT. Flight activity of foragers of four colonies of Plebeia remota

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can climate shape flight activity patterns of Plebeia remota Hymenoptera, Apidae)?

Hilário

Ribeiro

Imperatriz-Fonseca

2012

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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“…Several experimental lighting protocols have been used to show an important role for the circadian system in photoperiodic time measurement in a number of vertebrates; these include night-breaks (skeleton photoperiods), resonance cycles, and T-cycles (Elliott and Goldman, 1981;Hamner, 1963;King et al, 1997;Kumar and Tewary, 1982;Puchalski and Lynch, 1994;Siopes and Wilson, 1980;Underwood and Hyde, 1990;Underwood et al, 1985Underwood et al, , 1997bWhitsett et al, 1984). Night-break experiments are probably the least useful of the protocols in proving circadian involvement because a positive response to a night-break is compatible with either a circadian-based timing mechanism or an hourglass timing mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown a significant role for the circadian system in photoperiodic time measurement in virtually every vertebrate species examined to date (Underwood et al, 1997b). Bünning (1936Bünning ( , 1960 was the first to suggest that an endogenous daily rhythm may be involved in measuring changes in daylength.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several experimental lighting protocols have been developed to test circadian involvement in the photoperiodic response; these include night-break protocols (skeleton photoperiods), resonance light cycles, and T-cycles (non-24-h light cycles that span the range of entrainment). In night-break experiments, a photo-periodic response is elicited if the night-break pulse falls during the photoinductive phase of the CRPP (Underwood et al, 1997b). Resonance cycles employ light-dark regimes in which the period (T) of the LD cycle (T = L + D) is 24,36,48,or 60 h (e.g.,LD 6:18,LD 6:30,LD 6:42,LD 6:54).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Formal Properties of the Circadian and Photoperiodic Systems of Japanese Quail: Phase Response Curve and Effects of T-Cycles

Zivkovic

Underwood²,

Steele

et al. 1999

J Biol Rhythms

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A role for the circadian system in photoperiodic time measurement in Japanese quail is controversial. The authors undertook studies of the circadian and photoperiodic system of Japanese quail to try to identify a role for the circadian system in photoperiodic time measurement. The circadian studies showed that the circadian system acts like a low-amplitude oscillator: It is readily reset by light without significant transients, has a Type 0 phase response curve (PRC), and has a large range of entrainment. In fact, a cycle length that is often used in resonance protocols (LD 6:30) is within the range of entrainment. The authors employed T-cycle experiments; that is, LD cycles with 6- and 14-h photoperiods and period lengths ranging from 18 to 36 h to test for circadian involvement in photoperiodic time measurement. The results did not give evidence for circadian involvement in photoperiodic time measurement: T-cycles utilizing 6-h photoperiods were uniformly noninductive (that is, did not stimulate the reproductive system), whereas T-cycles utilizing 14-h photoperiods were inductive (stimulatory). A good match was observed between the phase-angles exhibited on the T-cycles employing 6-h photoperiods and the predicted phase-angles calculated from a PRC generated from 6-h light pulses.

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“…One blinded bird was eliminated from analysis, since its peak blood melatonin levels were more than three SD from the group mean. In mammals, the only photic input pathway to the circadian system is via the eyes, and the main circadian pacemaker is located in the SCN (16,31). By contrast, birds possess at least three photic input pathways (the retina, the pineal organ, and extrapineal, extraretinal receptors in the brain), and circadian pacemakers located in the pineal and/or eyes drive circadian oscillators located in the SCN (29,30).…”

Section: Experiments 5: Effects Of the Apsp Protocol On Ocular Melatonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular clocks are tightly coupled and act as pacemakers in the circadian system of Japanese quail

Steele

Zivkovic

Siopes

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Our previous studies showed that the eyes of Japanese quail contain a biological clock that drives a daily rhythm of melatonin synthesis. Furthermore, we hypothesized that these ocular clocks are pacemakers because eye removal abolishes freerunning rhythms in constant darkness (DD). If the eyes are indeed acting as pacemakers, we predicted that the two ocular pacemakers in an individual bird must remain in phase in DD and, furthermore, the two ocular pacemakers would rapidly regain coupling after being forced out of phase. These predictions were confirmed by demonstrating that 1) the ocular melatonin rhythms of the two eyes maintained phase for at least 57 days in DD and 2) after ocular pacemakers were forced out of phase by alternately patching the eyes in constant light, two components of body temperature were observed that fused into a consolidated rhythm after 5-6 days in DD, showing pacemaker recoupling. The ability to maintain phase in DD and rapidly recouple after out-of-phase entrainment demonstrates that the eyes are strongly coupled pacemakers that work in synchrony to drive circadian rhythmicity in Japanese quail.

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Daily and Seasonal Rhythms

Abstract: The sections in this article are: Daily Rhythms Models and Mechanisms Circadian Pacemaking Systems in Invertebrates Pacemakers in the Arthropod Brain Circadian Pacemakers Outside the Nervous System in Insects Pacemakers in the Gastropod Retina Multioscillator Organizatio… Show more

Cited by 8 publications

References 996 publications

Can climate shape flight activity patterns of Plebeia remota Hymenoptera, Apidae)?

Can climate shape flight activity patterns of Plebeia remota Hymenoptera, Apidae)?

Formal Properties of the Circadian and Photoperiodic Systems of Japanese Quail: Phase Response Curve and Effects of T-Cycles

Ocular clocks are tightly coupled and act as pacemakers in the circadian system of Japanese quail

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