Daily and seasonal dynamics of airborne spores of Fusarium graminearum and other Fusarium species sampled over wheat plots

Abstract

Spores were sampled during 2 years over wheat plots at Ottawa, Ontario. Plots were treated with corn colonized with Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch (anamorph Fusarium graminearum Schwabe). In 1994, viable spores were sampled with four Burkard high-throughput jet samplers. Gibberella zeae ascospores were recovered mostly at night and showed four main release events during the 20-day sampling period, 1-3 days after rain events. Highest density of G. zeae spores (1500 spores/m3) were sampled 1.5 m away from the inoculum source, with fewer spores 5 m away. Recovery of otherFusarium species was sporadic. For all species, there were no statistical differences among the daily sampling times, although for most species, morning counts were the lowest. Other Fusarium species detected, in decreasing order of spore density, were F. crookwellense, F. sporotrichioides, F. moniliforme, F. equiseti, F. subglutinans, and F. culmorum. Most spore release events did not correlate with rainfall events. In 1995, a Burkard continuous 7-day spore sampler was used to investigate the release of ascospores and macroconidia of G. zeae. Ascospores, but not macroconidia, showed a daily periodicity. Daily average densities of macroconidia were an order of magnitude less than ascospores. Ascospore release was correlated with rainfall events and the time of day.Key words: spore sampling,Gibberella zeae, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium sp. ascospores, macroconidia.

Dynamics (seasonal and intra-diurnal) of air-borne fungal spore population of Doha area, Qatar

“…Fusariun germination can't be developed well at low water activity (Nelson et al, 1994). The dispersion of Fusarium macrocnidia was found to follow a rain or irrigation event (Fernando et al, 2000). Coincides with that Abu-Dieyeh et al Al-Subai, 2002).…”

Fungal microbiota from rain water and pathogenicity of Fusarium species isolated from atmospheric dust and rainfall dust

“…Fusarium spp. propagules have been recovered from grain dust [8]. Evidence of long-distance transport in the atmosphere has been reported for Gibberella zeae (teleomorph of Fusarium graminearum and causal agent of Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley and Giberrella ear rot on maize).…”

“…Evidence of long-distance transport in the atmosphere has been reported for Gibberella zeae (teleomorph of Fusarium graminearum and causal agent of Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley and Giberrella ear rot on maize). Atmospheric populations have been proposed as the origin of the inoculum causing epidemics of these diseases [8,27]. Abdel-Hafez et al [1] recovered 24 genera and 57 species of fungi from air dust samples in Egypt; 1.26% of the total were Fusarium spp.…”

Estimating the Risk of a Crop Epidemic From Coincident Spatio-temporal Processes

“…The spatial distribution of risk depends on the proximity to a common source of inoculum (spores that infect plants), which can be either local say within the same field (Dill-Macky and Jones, 2000), or at some distance (Schmale et al, 2005). Relevant details on the epidemiology of FHB can be found in Sutton (1982), Fernando et al (2000), Champeil et al (2004), and Dufault et al (2006). Thus spatial proximity is a strong predictor of FHB risk; if a farm has an FHB epidemic, an adjacent farm is very likely to also have an epidemic.…”