Daily and seasonal climatic conditions of green urban open spaces in the Mediterranean climate and their impact on human comfort

Cohen, Pninit; Potchter, Oded; Matzarakis, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.11.020

Cited by 246 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

114

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other hand, Climate conditions affect also UHI [119,120] which is significantly correlated with SUHI and specially in the urban areas [19] and in nighttime [20]. They [121] highlighted that LST pixel value coinciding with the weather station location generally indicated a closer relationship to the respective air temperature.…”

Section: Climate Conditions Effectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Urbanization and Seasonal Cycle on the Surface Urban Heat Island Patterns in the Coastal Growing Cities: A Case Study of Casablanca, Morocco

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is a harmful environmental problem in urban areas affecting both climatic and ecological processes. This paper aims to highlight and monitor the spatial distribution of Surface UHI (SUHI) in the Casablanca region, Morocco, using remote sensing data. To achieve this goal, a time series of Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI-TIRS images was acquired from 1984 to 2016 and analyzed. In addition, nocturnal MODIS images acquired from 2005 to 2015 were used to evaluate the nighttime SUHI. In order to better analyze intense heat produced by urban core, SUHI intensity (SUHII) was computed by quantifying the difference of land surface temperature (LST) between urban and rural areas. The urban core SUHII appears more significant in winter seasons than during summer, while the pattern of SUHII becomes moderate during intermediate seasons. During winter, the average daytime SUHII gradually increased in the residential area of Casablanca and in some small peri-urban cities by more than 1 • C from 1984 to 2015. The industrial areas of the Casablanca region were affected by a significant rise in SUHII exceeding 15 • C in certain industrial localities. In contrast, daytime SUHII shows a reciprocal effect during summer with emergence of a heat island in rural areas and development of cool islands in urban and peri-urban areas. During nighttime, the SUHII remains positive in urban areas year-round with higher values in winter as compared to summer. The results point out that the seasonal cycle of daytime SUHII as observed in the Casablanca region is different from other mid-latitude cities, where the highest values are often observed in summer during the day.

show abstract

Section: Climate Conditions Effectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Urbanization and Seasonal Cycle on the Surface Urban Heat Island Patterns in the Coastal Growing Cities: A Case Study of Casablanca, Morocco

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, some examples of PCI studies were also included based on the evaluated T amb deviations, disclosed vegetation information, KG climate subgroups, and study scale. Outside of these established parameters, additional studies that have identified PCI T amb variations between 1 • C and 3.8 • C can be consulted (e.g., [1,[118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126]). …”

Section: Scientific Oriented Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to Outdoor Thermal Comfort Thresholds through Public Space Design: A Review

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Based on the Köppen Geiger (KG) classification system, this review article examines existing studies and projects that have endeavoured to address local outdoor thermal comfort thresholds through Public Space Design (PSD). The review is divided into two sequential stages, whereby (1) overall existing approaches to pedestrian thermal comfort thresholds are reviewed within both quantitative and qualitative spectrums; and (2) the different techniques and measures are reviewed and framed into four Measure Review Frameworks (MRFs), in which each type of PSD measure is presented alongside its respective local scale urban specificities/conditions and their resulting thermal attenuation outcomes. The result of this review article is the assessment of how current practices of PSD within three specific subcategories of the KG 'Temperate' group have addressed microclimatic aggravations such as elevated urban temperatures and Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects. Based upon a bottom-up approach, the interdisciplinary practice of PSD is hence approached as a means to address existing and future thermal risk factors within the urban public realm in an era of potential climate change.

show abstract

“…Research showed that the cooling effect of vegetation on surface temperature is larger than on air temperature [83][84][85][86][87][88][89]. Compared with paved asphalt roads and squares, grass and vegetative ground cover play an important role in improving thermal comfort by maintaining low surface temperature [90].…”

Section: Urban Vegetation Descriptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a literature review on urban design indicators addressing the impact of urban geometry and vegetation on the outdoor thermal environment at the pedestrian level, as urban geometry and vegetation have been regarded as the most influential urban design factors that affect outdoor microclimate. The thermal balance concept is first introduced to elaborate how each component of energy fluxes is affected by the urban built environment, which helps to explore the underlying thermophysical mechanisms of how urban design modifies the outdoor thermal environment. The literature on numerous urban design descriptors addressing urban geometric characteristics is categorized into five groups in this paper according to the design features that the parameters entail, including land use intensity, building form, canyon geometry, space enclosure and descriptive characteristics. The literature on urban vegetation descriptors is reviewed together, followed by the combined effect of urban geometry and vegetation. This paper identifies a series of important urban design parameters and shows that the impact of design parameters on thermal environment varies with time, season, local climate and urban contexts. Contradictory impacts often occur between daytime and nighttime, or different seasons, which requests trade-offs to be achieved when proposing design strategies.

show abstract

Daily and seasonal climatic conditions of green urban open spaces in the Mediterranean climate and their impact on human comfort

Cited by 246 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of Urbanization and Seasonal Cycle on the Surface Urban Heat Island Patterns in the Coastal Growing Cities: A Case Study of Casablanca, Morocco

Effects of Urbanization and Seasonal Cycle on the Surface Urban Heat Island Patterns in the Coastal Growing Cities: A Case Study of Casablanca, Morocco

Approaches to Outdoor Thermal Comfort Thresholds through Public Space Design: A Review

The Impact of Urban Design Descriptors on Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Literature Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About