DAF-16 Target Genes That Control C. elegans Life-Span and Metabolism

Abstract

Signaling from the DAF-2/insulin receptor to the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor controls longevity, metabolism, and development in disparate phyla. To identify genes that mediate the conserved biological outputs of daf-2/insulin-like signaling, we used comparative genomics to identify 17 orthologous genes from Caenorhabditis and Drosophila, each of which bears a DAF-16 binding site in the promoter region. One-third of these DAF-16 downstream candidate genes were regulated by daf-2/insulin-like signaling in C. elegans, and RNA interference inactivation of the candidates showed that many of these genes mediate distinct aspects of daf-16 function, including longevity, metabolism, and development.

Probing the anti-aging role of polydatin in Caenorhabditis elegans on a chip

“…32 In another set of experiments, polydatin exhibited a pronounced increase in the expression of SOD-3 in transgenic CF1553 worms, which also supports the previous findings that polydatin can improve the survival rate of worms under normal and oxidative stress conditions. The protective activity against oxidative stress is closely associated with the increased expression of SOD-3 by polydatin in vivo.…”

“…It is a manganese superoxide dismutase which protects cells from oxidative stress and maintains the function to promote a normal lifespan. 32 To further investigate whether SOD-3 expression is involved in the regulative role of polydatin under stress conditions, the transgenic SOD-3::GFP CF1553 worm was employed. Visualization of SOD-3::GFP expression in worms was used to examine the possible regulative effect of polydatin on the expression of the anti-oxidative enzyme SOD-3.…”

Effects and mechanisms of prolongevity induced by Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 in Caenorhabditis elegans

“…For example, the IIS pathway regulates the metabolism, development, and lifespan of C. elegans . Insulin‐like receptor (IR) is a transmembrane receptor that negatively regulates FOXO, which in turn promotes the expression of genes that confer extended longevity and enhance stress resistance (Lee et al ., 2003; Murphy et al ., 2003). To evaluate the involvement of IR and FOXO in the signaling pathway regulated by feeding with LG2055, we monitored the survival rates of daf‐2 (e1368) and daf‐16 (mgDf50) C. elegans mutants, respectively.…”

GYY4137, a Novel Water-Soluble, H2S-Releasing Molecule

“…Recently, it has been hypothesized that H 2 S plays a fundamental role in the aging process (Zhang et al, 2013). Evidence that H 2 S plays a role in this process stems from a number of observations notably, that H 2 S can inhibit oxidative stress (Benetti et al, 2013;Whiteman et al, 2004), increase longevity in some model organisms (Miller & Roth, 2007) and promote the induction of genes associated with longevity (Lee, Kennedy, Tolonen, & Ruvkun, 2003;Qabazard et al, 2014). H 2 S also reduces cell senescence and promotes cellular cytoprotective systems (Predmore, Alendy, Ahmed, Leeuwenburgh, & Julian, 2010).…”