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The temperature dynamics of mycelium growth, СО2 gas exchange and competitiveness of Daedaleopsis confragosa and D. tricolor were analyzed. It has been shown that on agar (MEA) mycelium growth is limited to 5–35°C, and its maximum is observed at 30°C (D. confragosa) – 35°C (D. tricolor). The mycelium СО2 gas exchange at MEA is recorded in the range of 5–50°C, with a maximum for D. confragosa at 35°C and 45°C for D. tricolor. The temperature dynamics of CO2 gas exchange in wood destroyed by D. confragosa and D. tricolor does not fundamentally differ from that of dikaryotic mycelium on MEA: recorded in the same temperature range (5–50°C), the temperature maximum is higher in D. tricolor (40)°C than in D. confragosa (30°C). According to the temperature characteristics of mycelium growth and СО2 gas exchange D. confragosa and D. tricolor can be characterized as mesophilic fungi, but differ in pronounced ecological individuality in relation to low and high temperatures. D. confragosa is characterized by more intensive growth and СО2 gas exchange of mycelium at 5–10°C, and D. tricolor at 35–50°C, which determines the temperature dynamics of their competitiveness: higher in D. confragosa at low, and in D. tricolor – at high temperatures. This corresponds to their geographical distribution: the first one is found in all latitudinal parts of the forest zone, and the second one is absent in its northern part, but common in the southern. According to the geographical and ecological-physiological features, D. tricolor can apparently be considered as the southern subspecies of D. confragosa s.l.
The temperature dynamics of mycelium growth, СО2 gas exchange and competitiveness of Daedaleopsis confragosa and D. tricolor were analyzed. It has been shown that on agar (MEA) mycelium growth is limited to 5–35°C, and its maximum is observed at 30°C (D. confragosa) – 35°C (D. tricolor). The mycelium СО2 gas exchange at MEA is recorded in the range of 5–50°C, with a maximum for D. confragosa at 35°C and 45°C for D. tricolor. The temperature dynamics of CO2 gas exchange in wood destroyed by D. confragosa and D. tricolor does not fundamentally differ from that of dikaryotic mycelium on MEA: recorded in the same temperature range (5–50°C), the temperature maximum is higher in D. tricolor (40)°C than in D. confragosa (30°C). According to the temperature characteristics of mycelium growth and СО2 gas exchange D. confragosa and D. tricolor can be characterized as mesophilic fungi, but differ in pronounced ecological individuality in relation to low and high temperatures. D. confragosa is characterized by more intensive growth and СО2 gas exchange of mycelium at 5–10°C, and D. tricolor at 35–50°C, which determines the temperature dynamics of their competitiveness: higher in D. confragosa at low, and in D. tricolor – at high temperatures. This corresponds to their geographical distribution: the first one is found in all latitudinal parts of the forest zone, and the second one is absent in its northern part, but common in the southern. According to the geographical and ecological-physiological features, D. tricolor can apparently be considered as the southern subspecies of D. confragosa s.l.
It is shown that in North Asia (Urals, Siberia, Far East) the genus Trichaptum is represented by four widespread sympatric species (Trichaptum abietinum, T. biforme, T. fuscoviolaceum, T. laricinum) and T. quercinum found in the Far East. The geographic range of T. fuscoviolaceum, T. abietinum, T. biforme cover the whole of North Asia, whereas T. laricinum is absent in the Far East. The revealed sympatric nature of species is based on their predominant use of wood various coniferous (T. fuscoviolaceum, T. abietinum, T. laricinum) and deciduous (T. biforme) tree species. The widest trophic niche is in T. fuscoviolaceum and it overlaps by 70–80% with the niches of T. abietinum, T. laricinum. The narrowest trophic niche that does not overlap with other species of the genus is in T. biforme. The trophic spectra and preferences of all species in North Asia are close to those in Europe, and it shows stability and species specificity of these ecological characteristics. Phylogenetically, T. abietinum and T. fuscoviolaceum are the closest in ITS and LSU rDNA regions, while T. biforme and T. laricinum are strongly and equally distant from each other and from T. abietinum and T. fuscoviolaceum. During ITS and LSU clustering, the sequences are grouped in full accordance with the hymenophore structure of the fungi from which they were isolated; the same groups also include sequences of the corresponding fungi from Europe, China, and North America. This shows that in T. fuscoviolaceum, T. abietinum, T. biforme, T. laricinum, the structure of the hymenophore is a good diagnostic species character, and also that their North Asian populations do not show significant differences from European and North American populations. A database on diversity, distribution, ecology of fungi of the genus Trichaptum in North Asia has been uploaded to GBIF for public access.
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