Da li su bosanski muslimani Turci? Percepcija bosanskohercegovačkih muslimana 19. stoljeća u britanskom novinskom diskursu

Abstract

ARE BOSNIAN MUSLIMS TURKS? PERCEPTIONS OF 19TH CENTURY BOSNIAN MUSLIMS IN BRITISH NEWSPAPER DISCOURSE The paper analyzes the perception of Bosnian Muslims’ origin and dominant identity (as well as belonging) in the newspapers that shaped public discourse in Great Britain in the 19th century, especially in its second half. The focus is on the perception of the identity of Muslims in Ottoman Bosnia in relation to “all Turks” (as well as ethnic Turks), on the one hand, and with regard to the Christian population of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the other. In this regard, it was questioned whether Bosnian Muslims were presented as a monolithic social group, the ruling caste – according to the stereotypical model of social structures in European Turkey that all Turks were spahis, agas, and beys while peasants/tenants were only Christians – or was Bosnian Muslim community represented as a structured community made up of both upper and lower socio-economic strata. An attempt was also made to answer the question, as far as possible, of how the British newspaper discourse portrayed the attitude of Bosnian Muslims towards the modern values of 19th-century European humanism (respect for life, freedom, equality). A possible narrative of non-acceptance of these values by Bosnian Muslims would put that population group on the negative side of the insurmountable dividing line between civilization and barbarism. Indirectly, the article also offers an answer to whether humanism in 19th-century Britain reached a universal level or remained limited to only those that the British considered their own to some extent (Christians of European Turkey). Keywords:Bosnia and Herzegovina, Muslims, Christians, Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, British press

Putopisna inskripcija Bosne i bosanskog u 19. stoljeću

“…Ono što je neupitno zajedničko svim putopiscima jeste činjenica njihovog subjektivnog doživljaja. Svaki je putopis, po definiciji žanra, subjektivne prirode, neovisno o motivima, vremenu ili okolnostima 1 Izdvojit ćemo neke jedinice sa sadržajima vezanim za period romantizma: Mažuranić, M., 1842;Mažuranić, I., 1941;Evans, 1965;Evans, 1967;Giljferding, 1972;Irijart, 1981;Šamić, 1981;Pederin, 1982;Hadžiselimović, 1989;Hadžiselimović, 1991;Todorova, 1999;Džambo, 2002;Michel, 2006;Irbi, Mekenzi, 2016;Radušić, 2019;Jabłonowski, 2021 i dr. u kojima je nastajao. Budući da su jezička djelatnost i historijsko pamćenje uzajamni psihološki procesi, raznolik strateški karakter putopisnog diskursa kroz istraživanja pokazuje kako poznati kulturni obrasci znaju često zavarati svojim anahronim, stereotipnim i uprošćenim sadržajima.…”

Интеркултурално Образовање У Босни И Херцеговини Између Османског Царства И Аустроугарске Монархије

“…Босна и Херцеговина се четири вијека налазила под окупацијом Османског царства (Османлијско царство, Отоманско царство, Турско царство), тачније од 1463. до 1878. године. Тек шездесетих година 19. вијека почиње доба стварања нација, када ниједна вјера (нити нација) нема изразито значајну већину (Radušić, 2010). Пејановић (1955) наводи како је према процјенама (јер пописа није било прије доласка Аустроугарске) 1851/1852.…”