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Abstract

We reviewed 90 consecutive patients with various neuromuscular diseases and a progressive spine deformity treated with a prefabricated Boston-type underarm corrective brace. Of these, 38 patients had spastic tetraplegia; seven, syndrome-related muscular hypertonia; 24, muscular hypotonia; and 21, myelomeningocele. The mean age at the treatment start was 9.2 years (range, 1.4-17.7 years). Twenty-four were ambulating and 66 wheelchair-bound. Hypotonia was the dominant type of muscle involvement in 49, spasticity in 28, and athetosis in 13 patients. The mean pretreatment Cobb angle was 47 degrees, with a range from 23 to 95 degrees. The mean brace-induced Cobb-angle correction was 60%, thus well comparable to that in idiopathic scoliosis. However, this did not predict favorable treatment results. At the follow-up, on average 3.1 years (range, 1-5.5 years) after weaning from the brace, the brace treatment was successful in 23 patients. Successful was defined as<10 degrees curve progression during the observation time and a good brace compliance. Forty-one patients discontinued the brace treatment, and 19 progressed despite adequate brace wear. Five patients are still in treatment, and two have died. Successful treatment was seen in ambulating patients with muscle hypotonia and short thoracolumbar/lumbar curves measuring <40 degrees as well as in nonambulating patients with spastic short lumbar curves. These types of neuromuscular scoliosis may be the only ones to respond to brace treatment. In other cases, the brace treatment cannot be expected to have a lasting corrective effect although it can be used as sitting support.

Incidence of scoliosis in cerebral palsy

“…If the curve is flexible, it is possible to reduce the progression rate and delay the need for surgery by spinal bracing (Olafsson et al. 1999, Terjesen et al. 2000).…”

Severe restrictive lung disease and vertebral surgery in a pediatric population

“…Spinal bracing on respiratory function in neuromuscular disease results in a considerable reduction in FVC [2,11]. Olafsson et al [6] reviewed 90 patients with neuromuscular diseases and progressive spine deformity, treated with soft Boston orthosis. The mean pretreatment Cobb angle was 47°, with a mean brace-induced Cobb angle correction of 60%; after a follow-up of 3.1 years, the treatment was considered successful (\10°curve progression) in 23 patients.…”

Prevalence and goal attainment with spinal orthoses for children with cerebral palsy

“…Previous studies have reported that spinal orthoses can provide functional benefits such as stability [9], head control [7, 10], and hand control [7, 8], all of which preserve and improve functional abilities that are vital to the quality of life for children with CP. Spinal orthoses appear to be effective for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis [11]; however, the results for neuromuscular scoliosis are more ambiguous [8, 9, 12]. The main indication for spinal orthoses in these patients is often to stabilize and delay the progression of the spinal curvature [8, 12].…”