D–π–A structured porphyrins for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

N719- and D149-sensitized 3D hierarchical rutile TiO2 solar cells—a comparative study

“…In the field of renewable energy, dyesensitized solar cells (DSCs) have attracted significant attention, with much research conducted to enhance the efficiency of DSCs by developing or modifying individual DSC components, such as photoanodes, sensitizers, electrolytes, and counter electrodes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] As one of the key elements of the DSC, substantial research efforts have been focused on building TiO 2 micro/nanostructures with high surface area to provide improved charge transport while facilitating good light harvesting. Different TiO 2 architectures in the forms of 1D (tubes, wires, fibres, rods), 2D (sheets, belts), and 3D (spheres, trees, flowers) nanostructures have been developed, and to date, large size TiO 2 structures have been extensively used as scatterers to improve the light harvesting efficiency of DSCs.…”

Efficient dye-sensitized solar cells using mesoporous submicrometer TiO2 beads

“…These results indicate that the as-prepared TiO 2 beads show a mesoporous structure from the surface to the core and therefore the titania nanoparticles within remain highly accessible to both chemisorption of dye molecules and electrolyte diffusion. The synthesis and characterization of the LW4 and KW1 dyes were reported earlier 32,33 , while their chemical structures and electronic absorption spectra measured in THF or DMF are displayed in Figure 4. The film provides high diffuse reflection capabilities in the visible and near-infrared regions (from 450 to 800 nm), indicating that the incident light is significantly scattered within the film of mesoporous TiO 2 beads due to the comparable size to the wavelength of visible light.…”

“…32 To prepare the pre-sensitized mesoporous TiO 2 beads, these two solutions were mixed together and stirred overnight at room temperature in order to adsorb the dye molecules onto the TiO 2 beads surface. Therefore, an overall PCE of 10.5% can be achieved by using Zinc-porphyrin LW4 and ruthenium(II) complex KW1.…”

Strategic Synthetic Approaches to Porphyrin-Based Artificial Light-Harvesting Systems for Solar Energy Utilization

“…In the same study it was observed that the critical factor in determining injection efficiency in β-substituted DSSCs was the chemical nature of the anchoring group, with the In other work, three push-pull structured new porphyrin dyes with various linkers (the 61 dye with 4-ethynylbenzene, the 62 dye with 2-ethynylthiophene, and the 63 dye with 5-ethynyl-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b] [1,4]dioxine) were synthesized in order to understand the influence of substitution of the p-linker with various hetero-aromatic groups (Chart 17) on the light-harvesting ability of the sensitizers. 112 These push-pull structured porphyrin sensitizers worked efficiently in DSSC devices; a detailed examination with impedance and transient photovoltage decay measurements revealed that a fast recombination process took place at the dye-sensitizer TiO 2 -electrolyte interface due to the introduction of cyanoacrylic acid as an anchoring group. Based on these studies the porphyrin 64 with a rigid p-linker feature structure (5-ethynylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid) was further designed and synthesized, which attained an improved PCE of 9.53%.…”