d-Ribose–l-cysteine exhibits adaptogenic-like activity through inhibition of oxido-inflammatory responses and increased neuronal caspase-3 activity in mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress

d‐ribose‐l‐cysteine abrogates testicular maladaptive responses induced by polychlorinated bisphenol intoxication in rats via activation of the mTOR signaling pathway mediating inhibition of apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidonitrergic flux

“…DRLC has been reported to have a broad range of biological activities, including anti‐inflammation by inhibiting the synthesis and release of oxidoinflammatory mediators. [ 19,45,46 ] Furthermore, apoptosis and testicular oxidative damage are known causes of DNA fragmentation. PCB‐group treated with DRLC demonstrated diminished testicular DNA fragmentation associated with attenuation of caspase 3‐mediated apoptosis.…”

“…DRLC has been previously reported to have anti‐inflammatory potentials, which could be the reason it is able to attenuate the excessive release of testicular NO and TNF‐α, thus abrogating PCB‐induced oxidative and nitrergic stress, DNA damage, and caspase 3‐mediated apoptosis. [ 19,45,46 ]…”

“…DRLC has been reported to have a broad range of biological activities, including anti-inflammation by inhibiting the synthesis and release of oxidoinflammatory mediators. [19,45,46] Furthermore, apo- Interestingly, caspase 3, cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3 is considered the major apoptosis executioner caspase. [47,48] The mitochondrial pathway, which is one of the vital apoptosis-associated pathways, releases cytochrome c from mitochondria, thus resulting in the formation of the apoptosome, which consequently leads to the activation of caspase 9 that in turn culminates in the activation of caspase 3, leading to DNA fragmentation.…”

A behavioral and molecular study; ameliorated anxiety‐like behavior and cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of chronic unpredictable stress treated with oregano extract

“…Chronic stress is commonly known as a principal risk factor causing various mental disorders, including anxiety, depression, and cognition‐related impairments, such as learning and memory deterioration (Meynaghizadeh‐Zargar et al., 2020 ). It has been clarified that the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex brain regions are involved in anxiety‐related behaviors, in addition to learning and memory formation (Lam et al., 2018 ; Li et al., 2017 ; Liu et al., 2014 ; Okoh et al., 2020 ). There is solid evidence that these two critical areas are affected by chronic stress (Okoh et al., 2020 ).…”

“…It has been clarified that the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex brain regions are involved in anxiety‐related behaviors, in addition to learning and memory formation (Lam et al., 2018 ; Li et al., 2017 ; Liu et al., 2014 ; Okoh et al., 2020 ). There is solid evidence that these two critical areas are affected by chronic stress (Okoh et al., 2020 ). Studies have shown that stress affects the cellular integration and active involvement of these brain regions (Mousavi et al., 2020 ).…”