D-dimer in patients infected with COVID-19 and suspected pulmonary embolism

García-Olivé, Ignasi; Sintes, Helena; Raduà, Joaquim; Abad, Jorge; Rosell, Antoni

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106023

Cited by 84 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Several studies have described an association between the severity of the disease and high D-dimer [4][5][6]. Patients with severe COVID-19 disease with high D-DIMER level have an increased risk of developing pulmonary embolism [17]. In our study, there is significant association of high D-DIMER level in ICU group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Haematological Features of COVID -19 Infection During Admission: Single Center Experience

Muquith¹,

Ivy²,

Islam³

2020

IJISRT

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The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have spread to Bangladesh in March 2020. The first three known cases were reported on 8 March 2020. COVID-19 is a systemic infection with a significant impact on the hematopoietic system and hemostasis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 92 adult patients, confirmed as case of COVID- 19 infection by RT- PCR from April, 2020 to June, 2020. We divided the patients into two groups; ICU and Non – ICU groups. We analyzed haematological indices including haemoglobin, total white cell count, absolute neutrophil count , absolute lymphocyte count, platelet count, D-Dimer, ferritin, LDH in patients of both groups during admission. Our study showed that on admission, neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphopenia, hyperferritinemia and very high D-DIMER were usually associated with ICU admission.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Haematological Features of COVID -19 Infection During Admission: Single Center Experience

Muquith¹,

Ivy²,

Islam³

2020

IJISRT

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“…High fibrin degradation leads to elevated levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer 70 , which might also explain the occurrence of venous thromboembolism in critical patients of COVID-19 71 . In addition, a study with a short follow-up period also reported the existence of a dynamic correlation between the D-dimer levels and the severity of COVID-19 72 . Furthermore, pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis were also observed in patients with severe COVID-19 73 , 74 , which suggests that D-dimer might play a prominent role in governing the severity of COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Predictors of COVID-19 severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background: The unpredictability of the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be attributed to the low precision of the tools used to predict the prognosis of this disease. Objective: To identify the predictors associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Relevant articles from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched and extracted as of April 5, 2020. Data of interest were collected and evaluated for their compatibility for the meta-analysis. Cumulative calculations to determine the correlation and effect estimates were performed using the Z test. Results: In total, 19 papers recording 1,934 mild and 1,644 severe cases of COVID-19 were included. Based on the initial evaluation, 62 potential risk factors were identified for the meta-analysis. Several comorbidities, including chronic respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were observed more frequent among patients with severe COVID-19 than with the mild ones. Compared to the mild form, severe COVID-19 was associated with symptoms such as dyspnea, anorexia, fatigue, increased respiratory rate, and high systolic blood pressure. Lower levels of lymphocytes and hemoglobin; elevated levels of leukocytes, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, blood creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, high-sensitivity troponin, creatine kinase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and procalcitonin; and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate were also associated with severe COVID-19. Conclusion: More than 30 risk factors are associated with a higher risk of severe COVID-19. These may serve as useful baseline parameters in the development of prediction tools for COVID-19 prognosis.

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“…These molecules may also be significantly dysregulated in patients with COVID-19, as reviewed in the introduction. Specifically, dysregulation during COVID-19, has been noted in P-selectin [8], fibrinogen and D-dimer [4,5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15], and vWF [16,17]. Depending on the direction, dysregulation of fibrin(ogen) D-Dimer, VWF and P-selectin may result in either hypercoagulation or excessive bleeding and thrombocytopenia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During COVID-19 pathology, depending on the severity of the condition, dysregulation has been noted in all of the mentioned biomarkers, where increased levels of P-selectin [8], fibrinogen and Ddimer accompany COVID-19 progression [4,5,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and vWF [16,17] have been found. D-dimers are normally not present in blood unless coagulation has occurred, and the D-dimer therefore serves as a biomarker for thrombosis [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: The Rollercoaster of Fibrin(ogen), D-dimer, von Willebrand Factor, P-selectin and Their Interactions with Endothelial Cells, Platelets and Erythrocytes

Grobler¹,

Bredenkamp²,

Grobbelaar³

et al. 2020

Preprint

107

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced infection is strongly associated with various coagulopathies that may result in either bleeding and thrombocytopenia or hypercoagulation and thrombosis. Thrombotic and bleeding or thrombotic pathologies are significant accompaniments to acute respiratory syndrome and lung complications in COVID-19. Thrombotic events and bleeding, often occurs in subjects with weak multiple risk factors and co-morbidities. Of particular interest are the various circulating inflammatory coagulation biomarkers involved directly in clotting, with specific focus on fibrin(ogen), D-dimer, P-selectin and von Willebrand Factor (vWF). Central to activity of these biomarkers are their receptors and signaling pathways on endothelial cells, platelets and erythrocytes. In this review, we discuss vascular implications of COVID-19, and relate this to circulating biomarker, endothelial, erythrocyte and platelet dysfunction. During the progression of the disease, these markers may either be within healthy levels, upregulated or eventually depleted. Most significant is that patients need to be treated early in the disease progression, when high levels of vWF, P-selectin and fibrinogen are present with still low levels of D-dimer. Progression to vWF and fibrinogen depletion with high D-dimer levels and even higher P-selectin levels, followed by the cytokine storm, will be indicative of a poor prognosis. We conclude by looking at point-of-care devises and methodologies in COVID-19 management and suggest that a personalized medicine approach should be considered in the treatment of patients.

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D-dimer in patients infected with COVID-19 and suspected pulmonary embolism

Cited by 84 publications

References 10 publications

Haematological Features of COVID -19 Infection During Admission: Single Center Experience

Haematological Features of COVID -19 Infection During Admission: Single Center Experience

Predictors of COVID-19 severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

COVID-19: The Rollercoaster of Fibrin(ogen), D-dimer, von Willebrand Factor, P-selectin and Their Interactions with Endothelial Cells, Platelets and Erythrocytes

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