D-Cysteine Functionalized Superhydrophobic Nanocomposite Coating with Multiple-Action Antibacterial Property and Enhanced Mechanical Durability

Abstract

In this study, a durable superhydrophobic antibacterial coating was developed by a facile spraying method. A mixture of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles was sprayed on carbon steel to provide a superhydrophobic substrate. D-cysteine (D-cys) functionalized SiO2/dopamine/silver nanoparticles with multilayer core-shell structure were then sprayed on superhydrophobic substrate to enhance antibacterial performance. The results of morphology observation and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated the successful preparation of antibacterial nanoparticles and presented the hierarchical micro/nanostructures of coating surface. The as-prepared coating exhibited superhydrophobicity, with the water contact angle of ~153°. The coating was endowed with good mechanical durability, which maintained the water contact angle of ~150° after 180 cycles in tape-peel tests. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed satisfactory corrosion resistance of this coating during 3 days of immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution. Furthermore, the coating showed excellent antibacterial performances against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which benefited from the synergistic actions of low wettability of superhydrophobic surface, bactericidal behavior of Ag nanoparticles, and biofilm inhibition effect of D-cys.

Flower-like Superhydrophobic Surfaces Fabricated on Stainless Steel as a Barrier against Corrosion in Simulated Acid Rain

“…Most of the protection is in the direction of protective coatings, paints, smart coatings, self-repairing coatings, protective films formed by adsorption processes, functional surfaces (different types of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces), etc. [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The “green orientation” and the increasingly strict European Directives to use only non-hazardous substances for the formation of protective coatings have given further impetus to research in this field.…”

“…The methods for producing a superhydrophobic surface can be divided into two main approaches: In the first step, a rough structure is created on the substrate surface (by etching, laser, plasma etching, etc. ), and, in the second step, the rough surface is modified with a special low surface energy material such as fluorochemicals and silicones (silane, siloxane, fatty acids, natural wax) [ 12 , 14 ]. In order to achieve the highest possible hydrophobicity, and, at the same time, the highest possible adhesion, the way the surface is structured after etching, laser treatment, etc., is of great importance.…”