D-Alanyl-lipoteichoic acid in Lactobacillus casei: secretion of vesicles in response to benzylpenicillin

Abstract

Vesicles containing lipoteichoic acid (LTA) have been isolated from Lactobacillus casei ATCC 7469 grown in the presence of either benzylpeniciUin or D-cycloserine. These cell wall antibiotics enhanced the rate of LTA and lipid secretion 6.7 times, whereas chloramphenicol inhibited their release. The formation of these vesicles from peripheral and septal wall regions did not appear to be the result of bacteriolysis. The vesicle composition of LTA and lipid was similar to that of the cytoplasmic membrane whereas the protein composition was dissimilar. The size of these vesicles ranged from 20 to 40 nm and the length of LTA ranged from 5 to 50 glycerol phosphate residues. The isolation of these vesicles provides a potential in vitro acceptor system for studying the D-alanylation of lipoteichoic acid.

A Continuum of Anionic Charge: Structures and Functions ofd-Alanyl-Teichoic Acids in Gram-Positive Bacteria

“…The chain length of poly(Gro-P) (Fig. 3B) varies from 14 to 33 and from 5 to 50 Gro-P units in LTA isolated from Enterococcus faecalis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469, respectively (301,394). The polydispersity of LTA in these organisms confirmed that observed originally in Streptococcus agalactiae (331).…”

Bifidobacterial Lipoglycan as a New Cause for False-Positive Platelia Aspergillus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Reactivity

“…pennsylvanicum resulted in an increase of lipoglycan excretion (33). This was not the result of bacteriolysis, as was also observed for acylated or deacylated LTAs of other bacteria and for other inhibitors of cell wall synthesis (33,35,43,49). Consequently, antibiotic treatment of immunocompromised patients will increase the free lipoglycan pool in the intestine which may easily translocate to the blood.…”

“…The macroamphiphiles are secreted even during normal growth both with and without their lipid anchor. Secretion is stimulated by exposure to ␤-lactam antibiotics (9,12,33,35). In aqueous solutions, the acylated molecules form micellar aggregates (53).…”

Oral <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> NCIMB 8825 Inhibits Adhesion, Invasion and Metabolism of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> Serogroup B and Affords Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Protection to Nasopharyngeal Epithelial Cells

“…These results highlight a strain and stimulus-dependent protection by LB, which we suggest is enhanced for L. plantarum and L. salivarious against NmB by a factor secreted in their conditioned medium (Figure 2). In our study inflammatory attenuation by their conditioned medium was largely independent of TLR-2 (Figure 3), in contrast to others [40], so is unlikely to involve LB lipoteichoic acid, which can be shed in vesicles by some strains [41] and is highly anti-inflammatory [42,43].…”