D. Alan Shewmon and the PCBE's White Paper on Brain Death: Are Brain-Dead Patients Dead?

Brugger, E. Christian

doi:10.1093/jmp/jht009

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In fact, disagreements with the medical community are likely to increase as people rely on the Internet more heavily. [40][41][42] The Internet has transformed the way news is disseminated to the public, and the publicized case of Jahi McMath is an example of how media exposure brought the topic of brain death to the forefront. 43,44 Ms McMath was mentioned in two of the top Google websites and was the subject of two of the most viewed YouTube videos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Public Perception of Brain Death Using the Internet

Jones

Dizon

October

2018

Chest

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The study revealed a significant amount of inaccurate information about brain death, affecting the public's understanding of the concept of brain death and resulting in negative emotions specifically toward physicians, and the link between brain death and organ donation. The medical community can improve understanding through consistent, simplified language, dissociating brain death from organ donation, and recognizing the emotions tied to discussions of brain death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Public Perception of Brain Death Using the Internet

Jones

Dizon

October

2018

Chest

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“…Numerous additional dangers are the use of assisted suicide to facilitate organ donation, legitimizing the utilization of patients in permanent vegetative states or of less-than-perfect infants as donors [27]. It exposes "undeclared" patients to "presumed" consent to donation [27,62,63].…”

Section: Preserving the Dead Donor Rulementioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Death: Ethical and Biomedical Update with International Consensus

Panna¹

2022

Bioethical Issues in Healthcare

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Humanity has been confronted with the concept and criteria of death for millennia and the line between life and death sustains to be debated. The profound change caused by life support technology and transplantation continues to challenge our notions of life and death. Despite scientific progress in the previous few decades, there remain big variations in diagnosis criteria applied in each country. Death is a process involving cessation of physiological function and determination of death is the final event in that process. Legally, a patient could be declared dead due to lack of brain function, and still may have a heartbeat when on a mechanical ventilator. Though there is no point in supporting ventilation in a dead person, withdrawing a ventilator before the legal criteria for death may involve the physician in both civil and criminal proceedings. To identify the moment of death is vital to avoid the use of unnecessary medical intervention on a patient who has already died and to ensure the organ donation process, clear and transparent. The age-old standard of determination of death is somatic standard and cardiopulmonary standard. Harvard report (1968) defines irreversible coma as a replacement criterion for death and prescribed clinical criteria for the permanently nonfunctioning brain. The current unifying concept of death: irreversible loss of the capacity for consciousness combined with irreversible loss of the capacity to breathe. WHO (2014) adopted minimum determinant death criteria, acceptable for medical practice globally, achieving international consensus on clinical criteria to maintain public trust and promote ethical practices that respect fundamental rights of individuals and minimize philosophical and biomedical debate in human death. AAN (2019) endorses that the brain death is the irreversible loss of all functions of the entire brain and equivalent to circulatory death.

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“…In this case, death is considered as the permanent loss of an organism as an entity. On the other hand, de-animation is defined as the loss of an organism as an irreversible entity, which means implicit irreversibility, without the possibility of changing it back (Brugger, 2013). This conceptual analysis was applied by Jones (2012) when discussing the case of organs taken as donors from truly dead humans…”

Section: The Dialectics Of Metaphysical Approached and Biomedical Dec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Philosophical Criticism Towards the Scientific Determination of Time-of-Death

Putriani¹,

Syamsuddin²,

Hadi³

2022

THEOLOGY

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Determination of time-of-death is closely related to the mortality criteria. In prehistoric times, the criteria of death were narrated through the event of the body being evacuated from the spirit or soul leaving the human body. Along with the development of science in the modern era, scientists argue the criteria of biological death and clinical death. This study projected to critically philosophically analyze the time-of-death determination related to scientific criteria. The methods used in the data analysis stage were historical, hermeneutic, comparative, and critical reflection. The results showed that the scientific criteria of death were inadequate to be used in the determination of time-of-death. Time-of-death objectively existed as a separate reality outside of human beings and its existence was absolutely determined or influenced by the existence of other realities. Time-of-death ontologically meant the end of life; epistemologically signified the absence of life and had no mysterious nature; axiologically it was a symbol or metaphor of human powerlessness to judge and determine the continuity of life.

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D. Alan Shewmon and the PCBE's White Paper on Brain Death: Are Brain-Dead Patients Dead?

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Investigation of Public Perception of Brain Death Using the Internet

Investigation of Public Perception of Brain Death Using the Internet

Determination of Death: Ethical and Biomedical Update with International Consensus

The Philosophical Criticism Towards the Scientific Determination of Time-of-Death

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