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Physical and thermal properties of UV curable waterborne polyurethane dispersions incorporating hyperbranched aliphatic polyester of varying generation number

“…Waterborne polyurethanes (PUs) represent a major trend of PU development because of increasing concern about environmental pollution, health and safety risks [8]. Polyurethane ionomers are one of the most rapidly developing and active branches of polyurethane chemistry due to their ability to form water dispersions [9,10].…”

The influence of the ionic concentration, concentration of the polymer, degree of neutralization and chain extension on aqueous polyurethane dispersions prepared by the acetone process

“…Industrially, a large number of products are prepared using the acetone process [1][2][3][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. After the prepolymer process for making PU dispersions, the acetone process is the most widely used [34].…”

“…Consequently, governmental organizations such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States and Local Air Quality Regulators have stepped up their efforts to limit the amounts of VOCs released to the atmosphere. These regulations and consumer demands are forcing industries to develop environmentally friendly products [1][2][3][4]. Among several options to develop technology, water is the best choice to use as a medium in formulating coating systems.…”

Cross-linking reaction of waterborne polyurethane adhesives containing different amount of ionic groups with hexamethoxymethyl melamine

“…Waterborne polyurethanes (WBPUs), as non-toxic and non-flammable materials, have been abundantly used as environmental friendly coatings and adhesives show an excellent range of properties [3][4][5]. In the past few decades, extensive investigations have been carried out in this field of study, with numerous papers, patents and books on synthesis, manufacturing, characterization and applications of polyurethanes.…”