Czech traditional agroforestry: historic accounts and current status

Krčmářová, Jana; Jeleček, Leoš

doi:10.1007/s10457-016-9985-0

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Germany's eastern neighbour, the Czech Republic, is said to have 72 km 2 of grazed orchards (0.09%: den Herder et al, 2017) or 93 km 2 of orchard meadows (0.12%: Herzog, 1998). Rapid declines are also evident here: in the first half of the 19 th century, 0.64% of Bohemia (the historical territory: 2/3 of the present-day Czech Republic) was covered by agroforestry land with fruit trees (Krčmářová and Jeleček, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The current status of orchard meadows in Central Europe: Multi-source area estimation in Saxony (Germany) and the Czech Republic

Forejt

Syrbe

2019

Moravian Geographical Reports

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Orchard meadows are appreciated as an integrated land use of high cultural and biological value. While such meadows are typical habitats for temperate Europe, they experienced a decline in their total area during the second half of the 20th century, both in Western and Eastern Europe. In this contribution, we compare their current area and status in terms of semantics, law, public support in general, and the efficiency of public support in both Saxony and the Czech Republic. We estimated the area in Saxony on the basis of three public mapping projects. In the Czech Republic, where no recent mapping included orchard meadows as a specific land-use type, we carried out our own mapping. Hence, we mapped 124 randomly selected plots of 1 km2. To cross-reference results from both countries, we used the pan-EU project LUCAS (Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey). According to various different sources, the orchard meadows cover 0.09–0.55% of Saxony and 0.01–0.72% of the Czech Republic. Interestingly, the results of the three mapping projects conducted in Saxony vary from each other. Although orchard meadows are supported by financial incentives of the respective governments in both countries, the Saxon approach concentrating more on individual activities (sanitation of old trees, planting, grassland management), seems more focused than the single measure practised in the Czech Republic. One key to a greater public awareness of the orchard meadow problematic can lie in the promotion of a simple expression referring to this specific landscape feature in Czech, similar to the phrase common in the German language: ‘Streuobstwiese’. Our suggestion for the Czech language is: ‘luční sad’.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The current status of orchard meadows in Central Europe: Multi-source area estimation in Saxony (Germany) and the Czech Republic

Forejt

Syrbe

2019

Moravian Geographical Reports

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“…Druhá skupina studií pracuje s katastrálními daty spíše v lokálním měřítku a hojně využívá mapové operáty katastrů, na jejichž základě zkoumá změnu mikrostruktury krajiny (Hamre a kol. 2007;Harvey, Kaim, Gajda, 2014), vývoj specifických prvků kulturní krajiny (Šantrůčková, Dostálek, Demková 2015) či formy hospodaření (Krčmářová, Jeleček, 2017). Do třetí skupiny spadají studie metodické a přehledové, jež odborné veřejnosti představují a popisují jednotlivé historické katastry a jejich potenciál pro výzkum historické krajiny (Trpáková 2009;Lisec, Navratil 2014), včetně možnosti zpracování historických katastrálních map v geografických informačních systémech (Čada, Vichrová 2009;Tobiáš, Cajthaml, Krejčí 2018) a kritickou interpretaci takto získaných informací (Forejt, Dolejš, Raška 2018).…”

Section: Využití Starých Katastrů Pro Studium Historické Krajinyunclassified

Josephian cadastre as a source of geographic information on historical landscapes

Frajer

2019

Geografie

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The article deals with the potential of the Josephian Cadastre (1785–1790) to be the first modern cadastre in the territory of the Habsburg Monarchy for the purposes of the geographic research of historical landscapes. Although the cadastre is not equipped with maps, the Book of Fasí provides very detailed written information of each plot within the defined cadastral area. The case study focuses on the applicability of the Josephian Cadastre on the research of historical land use and the possibility of involving it as another time horizon in the LUCC Czechia database (1846–2010). We carried out a check of the borders defined in the Josephian Cadastre with the later Stabile Cadaster (1837–1843) and its maps using the retrogression method. It was ascertained that the cadastral areas did not correspond to each other and their homogenization was necessary for further comparison. Despite the fact that some areas were not surveyed in the Josephian Cadastre, this source can be used to acquire detailed data of land use in eight basic classes and to utilize them both in the research of landscape macrostructure – and for specific landscape elements, such as ponds, balks, hedgerows, rocks, and remnants of montane activities.

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“…O tom, že stromy se v českých zemích na zemědělské půdě v historii vyskytovaly, vypovídá například stabilní katastr vytvořený v první polovině 19. století habsburskou monarchií (Krčmářová -Jeleček 2016;Krčmářová -Arnold 2016). V mapách, tabulkách a doprovodných textech se dovídáme především o ploše, výnosu a vlastníku každého daněného pozemku včetně těch lesozemědělských.…”

Section: Stromové Kultury Ve Stabilním Katastruunclassified

“…Tyto kultury byly tedy v polovině 19. století všudypřítomné, variabilní a nepříliš ekonomicky významné -nezabíraly velkou plochu. Z jejich bohaté klasifi kace a plošného rozšíření lze usuzovat na jejich dlouhou tradici (Krčmářová -Jeleček 2016 obdělávané půdy), z čehož největší podíl zabíraly louky a pastviny s lesními stromy (17 % a 13 % výměry obce). Uvedené obce však patří, jak již bylo zmíněno, k výjimkám.…”

Section: Stromové Kultury Ve Stabilním Katastruunclassified

“…V hustě zabydlených a více zemědělsky zaměřených nížinách obydlených Čechy převažovalo hlavně ovocnářské lesozemědělství. Ve vyšších nadmořských výškách řidčeji obydlených převážně českými Němci z lesozemědělství převažovaly louky a pastviny se stromy a keři na dřevo (Krčmářová -Jeleček 2016).…”

Section: Stromové Kultury Ve Stabilním Katastruunclassified

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Stručná historie stromů v zemědělství v Evropě a českých zemích

Krčmářová¹

2019

ČL

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e article summarizes the history of growing trees on the agricultural land in Czech lands from the beginnings of agriculture through their disappearance during agricultural industrialisation up to attempts to restore them in current multifunctional agriculture. In addition, it points at numerous traces of such land use and management in the Czech palynological record, European iconography, 19th century tax records (Franciscan cadastre), scholar agrarian literature, photographs taken by Czech ethnographers, and the landscape itself. In the discussion over the results, the discrepancy in documenting this old cultural practice is shown alongside the eff ects which a symbolic annihilation of a certain theme in agricultural knowledge can have on the features of agricultural landscape.

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Czech traditional agroforestry: historic accounts and current status

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

The current status of orchard meadows in Central Europe: Multi-source area estimation in Saxony (Germany) and the Czech Republic

The current status of orchard meadows in Central Europe: Multi-source area estimation in Saxony (Germany) and the Czech Republic

Josephian cadastre as a source of geographic information on historical landscapes

Stručná historie stromů v zemědělství v Evropě a českých zemích

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